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Obufumbo n’abaana abatasosola mu kikula ky’abantu
Obufumbo n’abaana abataliimu kikula ky’abantu, kwe kugamba engeri eddembe ly’obuntu ly’abaana gye lirinyigirizibwamu nga bagaanibwa eddembe eri bazadde baabwe abazaala - nga bakozesa ng’ensonga eddembe ly’obuntu n’okwenkanankana kw’abantu abakulu
Ekitundu kino kyogera ku bufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu n’engeri ensengeka y’amaka gy’ekwata ku baana. Abo abawagira obufumbo obutafaayo ku kikula ky’abantu era nga bayimiridde ku ddembe ly’okwegatta mu bantu, tebatera kutunuulira bintu mu ndowooza y’abaana. Tebalowooza ku ngeri abantu abakulu gye basalawo n’amateeka gye bikwata ku baana. Abantu bano boogera ku bwenkanya, eddembe ly’obuntu n’obutenkanankana mu bantu bokka, naye beerabira nti n’abaana balina okuba n’eddembe ly’obuntu. Balina okuba n’eddembe okuva lwe bazaalibwa eri bazadde baabwe bombi abazaalibwa. Kiba kizibu singa kino tekikkirizibwa. Obutaba na taata n’obutaba na maama bitwalibwa ng’ebya bulijjo era ebyegombebwa. Olwo abaana basuubirwa okumanyiira embeera nti eddembe lino ery’omusingi libaggyibwako era ne batuuka n’okulisiima. Era kya bulijjo omulamwa guno okugezaako okukyusa okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku baana okudda ku ndowooza nti okuwakanya obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu kitegeeza okukyawa ebisiyaga n’okukyawa ebisiyaga. Abantu abagamba kino balowooza nti bamanyi era bawulira endowooza n’enneewulira ez’omunda ez’omuntu atakkiriziganya na ndowooza ze. Tebatunuulira nti osobola obutakkaanya ku bintu nga musinziira ku nsonga zokka, naye nga n’okutuusa kati temukyawa muntu yenna. Abawagira obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu nabo balemererwa okulowooza nti ebisiyaga bangi bennyini bawakanya ensonga eno. Balaba nga kityoboola eddembe ly’omwana okubeera taata ne maama. Omusajja atakkiririza mu Katonda omusiyazi Bongibault ategeezezza mu mboozi ey’akafubo (Wendy Wright, Abasiyazi b’e Bufalansa beegasse ku kwekalakaasa okulwanyisa obufumbo bw’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga):
LWAKI ABANTU BAWAGIRA OBUFUMBO OBUTALIIMU KIKULA KYA MUNTU? Bwe bagezaako okuzuula endowooza abantu gye balina ku bisiyaga - mutindo gwa buzaale oba gukwatibwako ensonga ezimu ez’emabega n’engeri omuntu yennyini gy’azikwatamu - abantu batera okwesigama ku nkola esooka. Okutwalira awamu ekintu kino kitwalibwa ng’okwegomba okw’obuzaale Obuzaale bw’ebisiyaga era busikiriza bangi abeeyita abakiise b’ekibiina ky’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga Abakristaayo (wano mu Finland, okugeza, Yhteys-movement ne Tulkaa kaikki-movement) . Liisa Tuovinen, omukulembeze w’ekibiina kya Yhteys-movement, yaleeta endowooza eno eya bulijjo mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo okwakolebwa ku ttivvi mu 2002:
Anti Pawulo talina ndowooza yonna ku bisiyaga, nga eno mpisa ya buzaale ey’omuntu ne kiba nti tesobola kukyusibwa. (2) .
Obuli bw’ebisiyaga bwe butegeerwa ng’engeri ey’obuzaale, mazima ddala era y’emu ku nsonga enkulu lwaki obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu n’obulamu bw’ebisiyaga bitunuulirwa bulungi mu bantu b’ennaku zino. Kilowoozebwa nti bwe kiba nga kya buzaale nga langi y’olususu oba okukozesa omukono ogwa kkono, olwo si kituufu okulwanirira obulamu bw’ebisiyaga n’abantu abalina engeri ng’eyo? Si kituufu okuwagira abantu mu kusalawo kwabwe okw’okwegatta? Naye amazima ki agali mu nsonga eyo? Abasiyazi bangi bennyini beegaana nti kya buzaale. Abamu bayinza okugamba nti kya buzaale, naye bangi bakkiriza nti okusikiriza n’embeera z’ekikula ekimu byakola kinene mu kuzaala emize gyabwe. Zino zaali ndowooza za bulijjo ne mu by’empisa emyaka mitono emabega. Kale kintu kifaananako n’okukaawa oba lwaki abamenyi b’amateeka batera okuva mu mbeera ez’engeri ezimu. Tewali muntu yenna asobola kulonda mbeera gye baakuzibwa n’ebyo ebiba bamukoze, naye omuntu asobola okwerondera oba ayagala kusonyiwa, oba anaafuuka mumenyi w’amateeka oba akola ebisiyaga. Ayinza okukemebwa okukola ebintu bino, naye okutuuka ku ddaala eritali limu asobola okulonda engeri gy’ayagala okubeera:
Nasoma okunoonyereza okunyuvu okwakolebwa omukugu: kwali kunoonyereza okuzuula abantu bameka abakola ebisiyaga abaali bakkiriza nti bazaalibwa bwe batyo. Ebitundu 85 ku buli 100 eby’abo abaabuuziddwa baalina endowooza nti ebisiyaga byabwe yali ngeri ya kuyiga ey’okweyisaamu nga evudde ku kufugibwa okuzikiriza nga bukyali mu maka gaabwe n’okusikiriza omuntu omulala. Ensangi zino, ekibuuzo kyange ekisooka nga nsisinkanye omusiyazi kitera kuba nti, “Ani yakuwa inspiration for it?” Bonna basobola okunziramu. Nja kubuuza olwo nti, “Kiki ekyandikutuuseeko n’okwegatta kwo singa tewasisinkana kojja wo, oba singa mujja wo teyajja mu bulamu bwo? Oba nga tolina taata wo muto? Olowooza kiki ekyandibaddewo?” Wano ebide we bitandikira okukuba. Bagamba nti, “Oboolyawo, mpozzi, mpozzi.” (3) .
Kyokka Ole takkiriza nti waliwo ekika kya "obuzaale bw'ebisiyaga". Alowooza nti ebivaako enneewulira z’ebisiyaga bizibu nnyo, era ayogera, okugeza, nti amanyi abalongo bangi abafaanagana nga ku babiri omu yekka y’akola ebisiyaga. Ole alowooza nti ebintu bingi bye byamuviirako okweyisa, gamba ng’enkolagana enzibu era embi gye yalina ne kitaawe ng’akyali mwana muto. Ole taziyiza ng’anyumya ku nkolagana ye ne kitaawe ng’akyali mwana muto. Yawulira nga kitaawe taliiwo era nga atya kitaawe. Taata oluusi yafuna ekizibu eky’amaanyi, era Ole yawulira emirundi mitono nti kitaawe yamuswaza mu bugenderevu mu lujjudde. Ole agamba mu bulambulukufu nti yali akyawa kitaawe. (4) .
Harri ayagala nnyo okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku bisiyaga mu mawulire era asoma ku bisiyaga. Akakasa nti ebisiyaga tebirina kakwate kitono nnyo ku nsonga z’obuzaale. Ng’ekyokulabirako, endowooza eno agisinziira ku kuba nti emirundi mingi kiba kyangu okuzuula ensonga lwaki abantu baagala ebisiyaga. Ebiseera ebisinga babadde batulugunyizibwa mu by’okwegatta oba okuba n’enkolagana enzibu ne bazadde baabwe oba bannaabwe. "Kino kinkakasizza nti si kisookera ddala ku buzaale. Wabula sirowooza nti tekisoboka bantu abamu okuba n'obuzaale obumu obubafuula abakwatibwa ennyo okwegomba kw'ebisiyaga," Harri bw'agamba. (5) .
Mu nsonga ye, Tepi alowooza nti ebisiyaga biva ku kuba nti alina ekika ky’ekizibu ky’ebirowoozo ky’agezaako okujjuza. Tepi agamba nti yali atya kitaawe ng'akyali mwana muto era n'okutuusa kati alina "okutya abasajja bwe kuti". Tepi agamba nti anoonya maama mu bakyala. Wadde Tepi alowooza ku nsonga ezimuleetera okubeera n'abakazi abaagalana, era agamba ku kwagala kwe eri abakazi: "Nga bwe kigenze mu ngeri ey'okuwuniikiriza mu butonde, oluusi ddala nneebuuza engeri gye kiyinza okugenda bwe kityo." Ate alowooza nti waliwo ensonga lwaki kino kituuse, naye. Tepi takkiriza nti ebisiyaga biva ku buzaale oba nti omuntu asobola okuba omusiyazi oba omukazi omukazi okuva lwe yazaalibwa. Mu ndowooza ye, omuntu akula nga muganzi oba abaagalana, ne bwe kiba nga talina buzibu bwonna obw’enjawulo. (6) .
Kya lwatu nti nze okufaananako n’abasajja bangi abagaala ebisiyaga, nneebuuza ebisiyaga gye biva. Nzikiriza nti omuntu w’omwana akolebwa mu myaka esatu egisooka egy’obulamu bwe, omuli n’eby’okwegatta. Kino kikwatibwako obutonde n’ebiramu by’omuntu. Sikkiriza n’akatono nti ebisiyaga bya nsikirano. Ku bamu ku b’eŋŋanda zange, ebisiyaga byange bikaluba precisely kubanga batya obusika bwabwo. (7) .
Obuli bw’ebisiyaga buva ku buzaale? Nga bwe kyalagulwa, ennyonyola eya bulijjo ey’omutindo ku bisiyaga kati eri nti buzaalibwa era buva ku buzaale, oba obusimu obufulumizibwa ng’oli lubuto. Abantu balowooza nti ebisiyaga okusinga biva ku nsonga z’obutonde. Kyokka ennyonyola eno tewagirwa kunoonyereza ku balongo. Abalongo abafaanagana balina obuzaale bwe bumu ddala n’embeera y’emu mu lubuto, naye ate omu yekka ku bo y’asobola okwagala ekikula kyabwe. Singa ebisiyaga byava ku buzaale kino tekisaanye kuba bwe kityo. Ebigambo bino wammanga bivudde mu kunoonyereza okunene okwakolebwa ku nsonga eno, okwakolebwa mu Canada era nga kwalimu abantu nga 20,000. Kiraga nti obuzaale n’obuzaale si kye kintu ekisalawo ensibuko y’ebisiyaga.
Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku balongo mu Canada kwalaga nti ensonga z’embeera z’abantu zikulu okusinga obuzaale (...) Ebyavudde mu kunoonyereza biraga nti obuzaale tebulina makulu gonna makulu. Singa omu ku babiri abalongo abafaanagana yali musiyazi, waaliwo emikisa gya 6.7% nti n’abalongo omulala yali ayagala nnyo abantu ab’ekikula ekimu. Ebitundu ku balongo abatali bafaanagana byali 7.2% ate ku baganda aba bulijjo 5.5%. Ebivuddemu bino tebikkiriziganya nnyo na nkola y’obuzaale eyogeddwako waggulu ey’ebisiyaga. Embeera abalongo mwe bakula munda mu nnabaana wa nnyina y’emu ddala eri abalongo bombi mu busimu, era bwe kityo ebivudde mu Bearman ne Brucker biwakanya endowooza nti obutakwatagana mu busimu bwa maama ng’ali lubuto buleeta ebisiyaga. (...) Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku balongo okwasooka kwali kufunye abantu baayo mu malwaliro oba nga bayita mu bibiina by’ebisiyaga, oba mu ngeri endala nga kwalina sampuli ntono. Bearman ne Brucker bagamba nti okunoonyereza kwabwe kwe kusinga okwesigika kubanga kwali kwesigamiziddwa ku kulonda okwakolebwa mu ngeri ey’ekifuulannenge okuva mu kunoonyereza kw’abavubuka okwali n’eggwanga lyonna. Abagezesebwa baali nga 20,000! Ekirala, abanoonyereza tebeesigama ku ekyo omu ku balongo babiri kye yayogera ku kwegatta kw’abalongo: Mu kifo ky’ekyo, baagenda eri omulongo omulala ne bababuuza ku nsonga eyo. (8) .
Okutwalira awamu abanoonyereza ku bisiyaga tebakkiririza mu butonde bw’ebisiyaga obuzaaliranwa. Olli Stålström, omu ku baatandikawo ekibiina kya Finland ekya Seta, ensonga eno yaleeta mu dissertation ye Homoseksuaalisuuden sairausleiman loppu (Enkomerero y’okuvuma ebisiyaga ng’obulwadde, 1997). Yategeezezza nti abanoonyereza ku bisiyaga baludde nga tebawagira ndowooza ya "I was born gay". Yayogedde ku nkuŋŋaana za ssaayansi bbiri ezaabaddemu ebikumi n’ebikumi bya bannassaayansi:
Enkiiko za ssaayansi bbiri mu December 1987 ziyinza okutunuulirwa ng’ensonga enkulu mu byafaayo ... nga mulimu abanoonyereza ku bisiyaga 100 okuva mu nsi 22 ez’enjawulo mu bibiina ebikola 100... Enkiiko nazo zaali zikkaanya nti tekiba kya bwenkanya okukyusakyusa mu kugabanya ebisiyaga ng’obuzibu bw’obwongo n’endowooza z’obutonde obuzaaliranwa. Kyalabibwa nga kyetaagisa okutwalira awamu okugaana endowooza enkulu ku bisiyaga, okusinziira ku ekyo ebisiyaga birina omusingi ogwetongodde ku biseera n’obuwangwa ogulina ensonga ezimu ezivaako. (olupapula 299-300)
Abaana ab'omu nsiko . Ekimu ku biraga engeri okwegatta gye kukwataganamu n’embeera n’obutonde bw’ensi be baana abato abasuuliddwa okubeera n’ebisolo. Tebalina n’akatono okwagala kwegatta. Kino kiraga nti n’okwegatta kw’abantu kukwatibwako ensonga z’embeera z’abantu. Ebiramu si bye byokka ebisalawo. Omunoonyereza ku by’empisa mu nkulaakulana era omuyambi wa pulofeesa w’eby’empisa, Risto Vuorinen, anyumya mu kitabo kye Minän synty ja kehitys [Birth and development of self] (1997) ku baana bano abato abasuuliddwa, abayitibwa abaana ab’omu nsiko, abakuzibwa ebisolo. Singa okwegatta kwasalibwawo obuzaale bwokka, tewandibaddewo mbeera ng’ezo:
Obutabeera na kaboozi mu baana b’omu nsiko kizuuliddwa kikulu nnyo. Wadde nga bakuze mu mubiri, tebalaga kwagala kwonna mu by’okwegatta... Kirabika waliwo ekiseera ekikulu ekisooka eky’okukulaakulana kw’okwegatta.
Bangi ku bawagizi b’obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu bo bennyini bakkirizza butereevu nti ensonga y’obuzaale si ntuufu oba nga terina musingi mulungi. Omu ku bo ye John Corvino, atakkiriza nti ebisiyaga bya buzaale. Agambye nti: "Naye ensonga embi nsonga mbi, ne bwe kiba nti ebifundikwa ebisanyusa - era ebituufu - biyinza okuggyibwamu bitya" (9) Okunoonyereza kulaga nti endagamuntu y’okwegatta nayo esobola okukyuka okutuuka ku ddaala eritali limu n’emyaka, naye emirundi egisinga mu kkubo erya bulijjo ery’ekikula eky’enjawulo. Ku bavubuka abamu, ekikula kyabwe kiyinza okuba nga tekinnategeerekeka bulungi, naye ng’emyaka gigenda giyitawo, abasinga obungi ku bo bajja kufuna ekikula kyabwe ekya bulijjo:
Okunoonyereza okunene okwakolebwa mu Amerika okwafulumizibwa mu 2007 ku nkyukakyuka mu ngeri y’okwegatta mu baana ab’emyaka 16-22 kwalaga nti okwegomba kw’ebisiyaga oba ebisiyaga bitera okukyuka emirundi 25 okudda mu bisiyaga mu mwaka gumu okusinga vice versa. Ku bavubuka abasinga obungi, enneewulira z’ebisiyaga zikendeera n’emyaka. Abalenzi nga 70 ku buli 100 ab’emyaka 17 abaalaze okwagala okulya ebisiyaga ku ludda olumu baalaga okwegatta okw’oludda olumu ku myaka 22. (Savin-Williams & Ream 2007: 385 pp.) (10)
ETTEEKERA LY’OBUFUMBO EY’ENNONO LY’OKUsosola? Ensonga emu evudde ku bufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu ebadde nti etteeka ly’obufumbo ery’ennono lisosola. Y’ensonga lwaki abawagizi b’obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu boogera ku ky’okwenkanankana n’okulwanyisa okusosola, bwe bawolereza endowooza zaabwe. Emikutu gy’amawulire era giyinza okuteeka obubaka obusiigiddwa obulungi obukwata ku ddembe ly’obuntu n’okwenkanankana.
Eddembe ly'obufumbo eri abantu bonna abakulu n'okukyusa amakulu g'obufumbo . Bwe twogera ku kusosola mu bikwatagana n’etteeka ly’obufumbo ery’ennono, kiteekwa okutegeezebwa nti abantu abakulu bonna balina eddembe okufumbirwa. Tewali kujjako wano. Omusajja oba omukazi yenna omukulu asobola okuyingira obufumbo n’ekikula ekirala. Bwe kityo etteeka ly’obufumbo ery’ennono lyenkanankana dda era terisosola muntu yenna. Okwogera ekirala kikontana n’ensonga. Mu kifo ky’ekyo, okufuba okugaziya obufumbo n’abafumbo ab’ekikula ekimu nakyo kikyusa amakulu g’obufumbo. Ekigambo obufumbo kifuna amakulu amapya ge tekyalina. Kiba ng’okukaayana nti, okugeza, enkolagana ey’emirimu eya bulijjo wakati w’omukozesa n’omukozi kitegeeza bufumbo, oba nti obugaali n’ennyonyi mmotoka, ne bwe kiba nga si bwe kiri. Ekigambo kino, okumala ebyasa bingi mu byafaayo by’omuntu ekibadde kitegeerwa nti kitegeeza enkolagana wakati w’omusajja n’omukyala yokka, bwe kityo kikyuka mu makulu ne kifuuka ag’enjawulo okuyita mu ndowooza y’obufumbo etaliimu kikula kya muntu. Kikyusa enkola ebaddewo mu buwangwa bwonna obukulu okumala enkumi n’enkumi z’emyaka.
Engeri endala ez’omukwano. Okugamba nti etteeka ly’obufumbo eritaliimu kikula kya bantu lijja kumalawo obutali bwenkanya n’okusosola, nsonga mbi kubanga waliwo ebika by’omukwano ebirala. Kubanga singa omukwano gw’ebisiyaga guyitibwa obufumbo, omuntu ayinza atya okulaga obutuufu bw’okuggyibwako ebika by’omukwano ebirala mu mateeka ge gamu? Lwaki abasiyazi abatono bokka be balina okuteekebwa mu mateeka g’obufumbo? Singa tugoberera ensonga y’emu abantu gye bagezaako kati okulwanirira ensonga eno, ebika by’enkolagana bino wammanga nabyo bisaana okuteekebwa mu bunene bw’etteeka. Bwe baggyibwamu, okusinziira ku nsonga y’emu, kuba kusosola n’okuwagira obutali bwenkanya. Ebivaamu ng’ebyo bituukirizibwa singa tugoberera endowooza z’abawagizi b’obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu era bwe tukyusa amakulu g’ekigambo obufumbo:
• Enkolagana wakati wa maama ne muwala we, nga bwe babeera mu maka gamu
• Omusajja, abeera n’embwa ye
• Enkolagana y’okuwasa abakazi abangi
• Abayizi babiri ababeera mu kisulo kimu
• Enkolagana y’abaana ab’omu lubuto nayo ngeri emu. N’abawagira obufumbo bw’abasajja n’abakazi okutwalira awamu tebakkiriza mukwano ng’ogwo kubanga bagutwala ng’omukyamu mu mpisa. Kyokka abo abalina endowooza embi ku bufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu basobola okubugaana olw’ensonga y’emu. Bayinza okukitwala nga kikyamu mu mpisa.
Pulofeesa, Anto Leikola, yawandiika ku nsonga eno mu magazini ya Yliopisto [Yunivasite] (8 / 1996) n’omutwe Olisiko rakkauskin rekisteröitävä? [Omukwano nagwo gulina okuwandiisibwa?] . Yagambye nti bwe tugoberera ensonga y’emu, tekikwatagana kukoma ku nsonga eno ku bisiyaga bokka. Lwaki bokka balina okuteekebwa mu buwanvu bw’amateeka g’obufumbo, ng’ate waliwo ebika by’omukwano ebirala bingi ebiva ku mutindo?
Watya singa baganda babiri abakwatagana ennyo, baagala okubeera n’omuzigo nga bali bombi n’ebirala, ne batuuka n’okuzaala omwana ow’awamu? Lwaki kyandibadde kibakaluubirira okusinga abasajja ab’ebisiyaga? Kiva ku kuba nti waliwo omukwano wakati w’abo abasembayo, naye si wakati w’abo abasooka, oba wakati w’ebirala emikwano gyokka? ...Byonna awamu, okuwandiisa omukwano mukolo gwa bantu ...Singa omukisa ng’ogwo guweebwa abantu ab’ekikula ekimu, n’okutuusa kati sitegeera lwaki gulina kukoma ku bisiyaga bokka. Oba tulowooza nti abantu bonna ab’ekikula ekimu, ababeera awamu era nga beegatta ku bannaabwe, ba bisiyaga? Oba tulowooza nti ebisiyaga tebirina kakwate konna na kwegatta... Bwe tulowooza nti kyetaagisa okuwandiisa enkolagana y’ebisiyaga, naye nga si balala, olwo eky’okuba nti nsonga ya kuwandiisa kwegatta, .
Abasiyazi abasinga tebanoonya bufumbo . Obufumbo obutaliimu kikula bwe bubadde bugobererwa, ekimu ku bintu ebikulu kibadde kulwanyisa kusosola n’obutenkanankana. Kibadde kirowoozebwa nti obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu, abafumbo abaagalana mwe basobola okufumbiriganwa, bujja kumalawo obusosoze. Kyokka ekituufu kiri nti mu nsi ezo obufumbo bw’ebisiyaga gye bumaze ebbanga nga bukola, batono bokka ababadde baagala okufumbirwa. Mu Budaaki, obufumbo bw’abasajja n’abakazi ab’ekikula ekimu bumaze emyaka kkumi nga bukola, kyokka abaagalana abaagalana 20% bokka be bafumbiriganwa. Bw’ogeraageranya n’abantu ssekinnoomu, omuwendo guli wansi nnyo. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okumu, abantu 8% bokka ab’ebisiyaga be bayingira mu bufumbo. Mu nkola, ennamba zino ziraga nti abasiyazi batono nnyo ababadde baagala okufumbirwa. Wabula, abasinga obungi ku bo tebaagala (okusinziira ku ndowooza y’abawagizi bennyini) kufuna obwenkanya n’eddembe okuva mu kusosolwa.
STATION Y'ABAANA . Nga bwe kyayogeddwa, obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu butuufu okusinziira ku ndowooza y’okwenkanankana era ng’ensonga y’eddembe ly’obuntu. Kinnyonnyoddwa nti okukkiriza ensonga eno kyandiggyewo obutali bwenkanya mu tteeka lino. Wabula omulamwa guno gwekenneenyeddwa okusinziira ku ndowooza y’abantu abakulu yokka era abaana beerabirwa. Etteeka ly’obufumbo eritaliimu kikula kya muntu ddala nsonga ya ddembe lya buntu, naye ekikontana n’ekyo ekitegeezebwa: kitegeeza kutyoboola ddembe ly’obuntu ly’abaana. Olw’okuba mu mbeera ezo abafumbo abaagalana mwe bagenderera okuzaala (kisoboka, okugeza, okuyita mu bbanka z’ensigo n’okupangisa olubuto oba nti omu ku bisiyaga abadde mu mukwano ogw’akaseera obuseera ogw’ebisiyaga), kitegeeza okwawula omwana ne kitaawe oba nnyina omutuufu okuva lwe yazaalibwa olw’okuba abantu abakulu batwala obufumbo obutaliimu kikula ng’eddembe lyabwe. Bw’atyo etteeka ly’obufumbo eritaliimu kikula kya bantu lisosola abaana ku muwendo gw’abantu abakulu. Eddembe ly’abantu abakulu liteekebwa mu maaso g’eddembe ly’abaana ery’omusingi. Waliwo ddala embeera omwana gy’alina okukula nga talina taata oba maama, naye nsonga ya njawulo okufuula omwana mu bugenderevu obutaba na taata oba atalina maama okusobola okutuukiriza abantu abakulu bye baagala. Kino kye kibaawo mu bufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu nga muno mwe bafunira abaana. Mu Bufalansa, ebisiyaga bangi bennyini beeyimiridde ku nsonga eno. Balaba ng’etteeka erikwata ku bufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu lityoboola eddembe ly’omwana okubeera ne taata ne maama. Eno y’ensonga lwaki bagaana obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu:
Jean-Pierre Delaume-Myard: Ndi mukyayi wa bisiyaga... Nwakanya obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu, kubanga nlwanirira eddembe ly’omwana okubeera ne taata ne maama. (11) .
Jean-Marc Veyron la Croix: Buli muntu alina obuzibu bwe: eky’okuba nti sirina mwana ate nga nsubwa omwana tekimpa ddembe kuggya laavu ya maama ku mwana. (12) .
Hervé Jourdan: Omwana kibala kya kwagala era alina okusigala ng’ekibala ky’omukwano. (13) .
Okuzaala abaana . Bwe kituuka ku mukwano gw’ebisiyaga, balina enjawulo emu ennene bw’ogeraageranya n’omukwano gw’ekikula ekimu: omukwano gw’ebisiyaga gwokka gwe gusobola okuzaala, ogw’oluvannyuma tegusobola. Eno era y’emu ku nsonga enkulu lwaki obufumbo bw’omwami n’omukyala y’esinga okutandikira abaana. Kiwa abaana omukisa okukula nga balabirirwa kitaabwe ne nnyina abazaalibwa okuva ku ntandikwa. Ate ekizibu ekiri mu nkolagana y’ebisiyaga kiri nti singa abaana bafunibwa nga bayita mu mukwano ogw’ekiseera oba nga bayita mu nkola ez’ekikugu ng’okupangisa nnabaana oba bbanka z’ensigo, kireka omwana nga talina kitaawe oba nga talina maama. Abula waakiri omu ku bazadde be abazaala awaka, gwe yali asobola okukula naye. Omwana alina okubeera nga talina muzadde we omulala omutuufu okuva ku ntandikwa olw’okusalawo kw’abantu abakulu. Abo bennyini abaakulira mu maka agalimu ebisiyaga bavumiridde omuze gw’okuggya omwana eddembe lya taata oba maama mu ngeri eno; nga bajulira obwenkanya wakati w’abantu abakulu. Baggyibwako eddembe eri omu ku bazadde baabwe. Jean-Dominique Bunel eyakulira ne nnyina omukazi omukazi ali ne munne omukazi, anyumya engeri gye yakiyitamu. Yabonaabona olw’obutaba na taata. Awalala era agamba nti singa obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kyabwe bwali bwatandika dda ng’akula, yandiwawaabira gavumenti, kubanga kyasobozesa okutyoboola eddembe ly’omwana we:
Comment eri wansi nayo ekwata ku nsonga eno. Obutabeera na taata oba maama y’ensonga lwaki abaana basanga obuzibu okukula mu mbeera y’ebisiyaga. Si kibuuzo oba omuzadde ow’ebisiyaga omu tamala mu kuzaala, wabula nsonga ya kuggyako omwana mu bugenderevu okubeerawo kw’omuzadde we omulala omutuufu okuva lwe yazaalibwa:
Robert Oscar Lopez (2012) avumirira enjogera y’okukyawa ebisiyaga ng’erimu obusosoze n’endowooza enfunda, kubanga era ewandiika abantu nga ye nti abakyawa ebisiyaga, abaakulira mu maka g’abafumbo abaagalana, nga bakyawangaala ekitundu ekinene eky’obulamu bwabwe mu buwangwa bw’ebisiyaga, naye nga bakyawakanya obufumbo obutaliimu kikula ky’abantu kubanga bawulira nti butyoboola eddembe ly’omwana eri taata ne maama. Okusinziira ku Lopez, kizibu okuwandiikibwako nti akyawa ebisiyaga olw’okuba agamba mu lwatu nti yafuna obutaba na taata nga kizibu ng’akulira mu maka ga nnyina ne munne omukazi. "Ka kibe nti abafumbo ab'ekikula ekimu banoonya okukoppa enkola y'okuzaala abaana ab'ekikula ekimu nga bayita mu kuzaala mu kifo ky'abaana, okuzaala mu ngeri ey'ekikugu, okwawukana, oba okuzaala abaana mu ngeri ey'ettunzi, baba batwala obulabe bungi obw'empisa. Abaana, abeesanga wakati mu bulabe buno obw'empisa, bamanyi bulungi omulimu gwa bazadde baabwe mu kutondawo obulamu obw’okunyigirizibwa n’obuzibu mu nneewulira obubaawula ku nnono z’obuwangwa ng’olunaku lwa bataata ne bamaama. Ekifo ky’abaana kikaluba, bwe bayitibwa ‘homophobic’ olw’okuba nti batawaanyizibwa – era bakkiriza – situleesi ey’obutonde ebateekebwako bazadde baabwe. (Lopez 2013.) (15) Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo.
Abaana bwe bafunibwa nga bayita mu nkola ez’ekikugu ng’okupangisa nnabaana n’okutereka ensigo, tulina okwolekagana n’ebizibu by’empisa bingi. Obuzibu obuli mu kupangisa olubuto, maama alina okusuula omwana gw’asitudde. Kiteekebwawo ng’ekiruubirirwa mu kupangisa nnabaana. Asuubirwa okunyigiriza enneewulira ye eri omwana era n’asasulwa. Eddembe lye agiguza omwana gw’ayinza obutaddamu kulaba. Wabula bangi kino kyandiba nga kyali kizito nnyo olw’obuzaale bwabwe obw’okuzaala, nga kino kye kibaleetedde okwagala okuggyawo endagaano y’okuzaala mu kifo ky’abaana. Abakyala bano bategedde nti baagala nnyo omwana ali munda mu bo, ekibaleetedde okukyusa endowooza. Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, okupangisa olubuto kizibu eri abaana. Kubanga maama bw’awaayo eddembe lye eri omwana, omwana ayinza okukiraba ng’okusuulibwa. Ebibuuzo biyinza okumujjako, lwaki nnyina yamuguza ssente n’atafaayo. Mu birala, omukutu gwa Alana Newman ogwa AnonymousUS.org gunyumya ku by’ayitamu n’enneewulira y’abaana ng’abo. Frank Litgvoet, abeera mu mukwano gw’ebisiyaga, anyumya mu bwesimbu ku musango ogufaananako bwe gutyo. Ayogedde ku baana be yakuza abasubwa nnyaabwe. Kyabadde kizibu era kiruma abaana okutegeera lwaki maama yaleka abaana be mu kusooka:
Embeera y’omwana “atalina maama” mu kuzaala omwana mu lwatu si nnyangu nga bwe kiyinza okulabika, kubanga kizingiramu maama azaala, ajja mu bulamu bw’omwana n’oluvannyuma n’agenda. Era maama bw’aba taliiwo mu mubiri, aba akyaliwo, nga bwe tumanyi okuva mu mboozi z’abaana bangi abakuzibwa abatuuse mu bukulu, abeerawo mu birooto, mu bifaananyi, okwegomba, n’okweraliikirira. Okutuuka kwa maama mu bulamu bw’abaana baffe ebiseera ebisinga kiba kya kitalo. Kizibuwalira abaana maama bw’avaawo, si lwakuba nti kya nnaku okusiibula omuntu omukulu omwagalwa kyokka, wabula n’olw’okuba kireeta ekibuuzo ekizibu era ekiruma nti lwaki maama yaleka omwana we mu kusooka. (16) .
Ate empisa z’okutereka ensigo n’obujjanjabi bw’okuzaala? Zisinziira ku kuba nti abasajja bawaddeyo ensigo zaabwe kyeyagalire okusobola okuzaala, kale abasajja bano mazima ddala tebajja kufuna nneewulira nzibu ze zimu eziyinza okubaawo mu kupangisa nnabaana. Wabula obuzibu obuli mu bujjanjabi bw’okuzaala kwe kuba nti buzitoowerera abaana omugugu gw’obutaba na kitaawe. Abaana abazaalibwa mu ngeri ey’ekikugu basobola okuwulira obuzibu ennyo singa maama aba abatadde mu bugenderevu mu mbeera gye batasobola kumanya n’okukwatagana ne kitaabwe. Tapio Puolimatka annyonnyola okunoonyereza kw’omusawo w’eby’omutwe Kyle Pruett mu Yunivasite y’e Yale ku nsonga eno (Kyle Pruett: Fatherneed, New York, Broadway, 2000). Kizibu abaana okubeera mu kika ky’embeera ey’omu makkati nga tebalina nkolagana na kitaabwe omutuufu:
Omusawo w'eby'omutwe mu yunivasite y'e Yale Kyle Pruett (2000: 207) amaliriza ng'asinziira ku kunoonyereza kwe nti abaana abazaalibwa nga bavudde mu kuzaala mu ngeri ey'ekikugu era ne bakuzibwa nga tebalina taata balina "enjala y'okubeerawo kwa kitaabwe okw'olubeerera" okutakkuta. Okunoonyereza kwe kukwatagana n’okunoonyereza ku kugattululwa n’okuzaala obwannamunigina okulaga obutaba bwa taata mu ngeri y’emu. Okunoonyereza kwa Pruett era kulaga nti abaana abazaalibwa nga bavudde mu kuzaala mu ngeri ey’ekikugu, nga tebalina mawulire gonna ku kitaabwe, balina ebibuuzo ebizito era ebitaataaganya ebikwata ku nsibuko yaabwe ey’obutonde n’amaka mwe bava mu buzaale. Abaana bano tebamanyi kitaabwe oba famire ya kitaabwe, era kibakyayisa okubeera mu mbeera ey’ekika kya wakati nga tebalina nkolagana na kitaabwe omutuufu (Pruett 2000:204-208) (17)
Alana Newman agenda mu maaso ku mulamwa gwe gumu. Ye kennyini yazaalibwa mu ngeri ey’ekikugu (artificial insemination), nga kino kyakozesanga ensigo okuva mu muntu atamanyiddwa mannya. Awakanya nnyo enkola eno ng’omwana aggyibwako omukisa gw’okussaawo enkolagana ne bazadde be bennyini abazaala n’akulira mu kulabirirwa kwabwe. Olw’ebyo bye yayitamu, yafuna ebizibu by’endagamuntu n’obukyayi eri abantu ab’ekikula ekirala. Mu bujulizi bwe mu buwandiike eri olukiiko lw’ababaka ba Palamenti mu California, yawandiika ku nsonga eno:
... Nabonaabona n’ensonga z’endagamuntu ezaatyoboola bbalansi yange mu birowoozo, obuteesigagana n’obukyayi eri omuntu ow’ekikula ekirala, okuwulira nga nfunye ekintu – nga nlinga aliwo ng’ekintu ky’omuntu omulala kyokka eky’okuzannyisa. Nawulira nga ndi mugezesa wa ssaayansi. (18) .
Obukulu bw'abazadde eri abaana . Pulogulaamu za ttivvi n’emitwe mu mpapula z’amawulire bitera okwogera ku ngeri abaana gye baagala okuzuula omuzadde omutuufu gwe batasisinkanangako era eyabula mu bulamu bwabwe. Balina okwegomba okunoonya emirandira gyabwe n’okusisinkana taata oba maama omuzaale ababulako. Kino kyeyongedde ensangi zino, okugeza olw’emiwendo gy’abaawukana okweyongera. Okusinziira ku ndowooza y’omwana, eky’okuba nti abazadde bombi abazaala baliwo era nga buli omu afaayo ku munne kyetaagisa nnyo. Kino nakyo kiva mu kwetegereza obulamu okungi okw’omugaso. Abaana abo enkolagana yaabwe ne bazadde baabwe ebadde ekutuse, okugeza nga kivudde ku mwenge, effujjo oba okwawukana okwa bulijjo, bafuna ebizibu bingi mu bulamu bwabwe ebitatera kubaawo eri abaana abaakulira mu maka agataliiko kamogo. Ekyokulabirako ekitono eky’omugaso kiraga kino. Kiraga engeri naddala obutaba na taata, obutaba na taata awaka, bwe kiri ekizibu eky’omulembe:
Bwe nnali njogera mu nkambi y’abasajja emu mu nnyanja Hume mu California, nnayogera nti taata wa bulijjo amala eddakiika ssatu zokka ez’obudde obw’omutindo n’omwana we olunaku. Oluvannyuma lw’olukiiko, omusajja omu yabuusabuusa ebikwata ku mawulire gange. Yaboggolera nti, "Mmwe ababuulizi mwogera bintu byokka. Okusinziira ku kunoonyereza okusembyeyo, taata owa bulijjo tamala wadde eddakiika ssatu buli lunaku n'abaana be, wabula sikonda 35 ." Nze mmukkiriza kubanga yali akola gwa kukebera masomero mu masekkati ga California. Mu butuufu, yampa ekibalo ekirala ekyewuunyisa. Mu disitulikiti y’amasomero emu mu California mwalimu abayizi 483 abaali mu by’enjigiriza eby’enjawulo. Tewali n’omu ku bayizi abo yalina kitaawe awaka. Mu kitundu ekimu ku njegoyego z’ekibuga Seattle, abaana 61% babeera nga tebalina taata. Obutabeerawo taata kikolimo ensangi zino. (19) .
Kino kikwatagana kitya n’omulamwa ogwogerwako? Mu bufunze, okubeerawo kw’abazadde bombi abazaala, okwagala kw’abazadde eri buli omu era, ddala, eri omwana kikulu eri obulamu obulungi n’enkula y’omwana. Waliwo okunoonyereza kungi okulaga nti omwana akula n’okukula obulungi singa akkirizibwa okubeera ne bazadde be bennyini abazaala mu maka agalimu obutakkaanya obutono. Singa ensonga y’okugeraageranya eba baana, abafunye okugattululwa kw’abazadde oba amaka g’omuzadde omu, amaka amapya n’enkolagana ey’okubeera awamu, kizuuliddwa nti be basinga obubi mu nkula y’abaana. Mu nkolagana y’ebisiyaga, ekizibu kisingako awo (singa abaana bafunibwa nga bayita mu mukwano ogw’ekiseera oba nga bayita mu nkola ez’ekikugu), . kubanga mu zo omwana ayawukana ku muzadde waakiri omu okuva ku ntandikwa y’obulamu bwe. Mazima ddala si nkola nnungi eri abaana, nga bwe kyayogeddwa edda waggulu. Ebitonotono ebigambibwa biraga engeri gye kikulu okuba n’abazadde bombi abazaala mu maka. Omuntu ateekateeka okwawukana ne munne alina okulowooza emirundi ebiri. Kya lwatu nti tewali muzadde atuukiridde, era oluusi okubeera nga baawukanye kiyinza okwetaagisa olw’okugeza effujjo. Wabula ku baana, ekisinga obulungi abazadde bajja kukkaanya ne bayiga okukkiriza:
Okunoonyereza kulaga bulungi nti ensengeka y’amaka nsonga eri abaana era nti basinga kuwagirwa nsengeka y’amaka, erimu abazadde babiri abazaala mu bufumbo abakulembera amaka, era nti omutendera gw’abazadde ogw’okusika omuguwa guli wansi. Abaana abali mu maka ag’omuzadde omu, abaana abazaalibwa bamaama abatafumbirwa, n’abaana abali mu maka agatabuddwa oba agabeera awamu bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okukula mu kkubo ebbi... Eno y’ensonga lwaki kikulu, eri omwana, okutumbula obufumbo obw’amaanyi era obutebenkevu wakati w’abazadde abazaala. (21) .
Singa twasabibwa okukola enkola okulaba ng’ebyetaago by’abaana byonna ebisookerwako bikolebwako, osanga twandikomyewo awalala, ekifaananako n’endowooza y’okubeera n’abazadde babiri. Mu ndowooza, enteekateeka ey’ekika kino tekoma ku kukakasa nti abaana bafuna obudde n’ebintu by’abantu abakulu babiri, naye era etuwa enkola efugira n’okutebenkeza, etumbula obuzadde obw’omutindo ogwa waggulu. Enkolagana y’omuzadde bombi n’omwana eyongera ku mikisa gy’abazadde okusobola okwekkaanya n’omwana era nga beetegefu okwefiiriza omwana. Era kikendeeza ku mikisa gy’abazadde okukozesa omwana. (22) .
Kilagiddwa mu ngeri ematiza nti abaana tebakulaakulana, wadde nga balabirirwa bulungi mu mubiri singa baba bakuumirwa mu bitongole ebitali bya muntu, era nti okwawukana ne maama – naddala mu biseera ebimu – kwonoona nnyo omwana. Ebitera okuva mu kulabirira mu kitongole kwe kulemererwa kw‟obwongo, obutafaayo, okudda emabega n‟okufa, nga maama omusika amala taliiwo. (23) .
Nga bwe kyayogeddwa, obukulu bw’abazadde bombi mu bulamu bw’abaana buzuuliddwa nga bukulu nnyo. Kino kikakasibwa obumanyirivu obw’omugaso n’okunoonyereza okungi. Omuzadde ali obwannamunigina asobola okuba ekyokulabirako mu kifo kye ng’omuzadde, naye ekyo tekidda mu kifo ky’omuzadde ow’ekikula ekirala abuze. Okusinziira ku kunoonyereza, abaana abaakulira mu maka agamenyese (amaka ag’omuzadde omu, amaka amapya...) balina ebizibu ebisinga ku bika bino wammanga. Ziraga engeri okubeerawo kw’abazadde bombi abazaala mu ngeri ey’okwagala gye kukulu:
• Omutendera gw’obuyigirize n’omuwendo gw’abayizi abatikkirwa mu masomero biri wansi
• Abalenzi abaakula nga tebalina taata batera okuvugibwa mu kkubo ly’effujjo n’obumenyi bw’amateeka
• Obuzibu mu nneewulira, okwennyamira n’okugezaako okwetta bisinga kubeera mu baana abatalina bazadde bombi mu maka
• Okukozesa ebiragalalagala n’omwenge kwe kusinga
• Okufuna embuto z’abatiini n’okutulugunyizibwa mu by’okwegatta bye bisinga okubeerawo
Abaana abakuzibwa abafumbo ab’ebisiyaga bakwata batya mu mbeera eno? Mu bufunze, balina ebizibu bye bimu ng’abaana abalala abava mu nkolagana y’amaka emenyese. Omulongooti guno wammanga, ogukwatagana n’okunoonyereza kwa Sotirios Sarantokis ow’e Australia ku nsonga eno (22), guwa ebimu ebiraga ensonga eno. Okunoonyereza kwe yateekateeka mu 1996 kwe kwasinga obunene nga bageraageranya ebyava mu nkula y’abaana okutuuka mu mwaka gwa 2000. Okunoonyereza kuno kwatunuulidde okwekenneenya kw’abazadde bennyini, ebyava mu masomero n’okukebera abasomesa ku nkula y’abaana:
Okunoonyereza okulala okufaananako bwe kutyo kwakolebwa pulofeesa w’eby’obulamu Mark Regnerus. Yakebera engeri ensengeka z’amaka gye zikwata ku baana. Ekirungi ky’okunoonyereza kuno kwe kuba nti kwali kwesigamiziddwa ku kulonda sampuli mu ngeri ey’ekifuulannenge n’okutwala sampuli ennene (abavubuka b’Amerika 15,000). Okugatta ku ekyo, sampuli yagaziyizibwa nga bassaamu amaka omu ku bantu abakulu oluusi mw’abadde mu mukwano gw’ebisiyaga. Okunoonyereza kuno kwafulumiziddwa mu lupapula lwa Social Science Research, olusinga okukwata ku mbeera z’abantu. Okunoonyereza kuno kwalaga nti abaana b’abafumbo ab’ebisiyaga balina ebizibu bingi nnyo mu nneewulira n’embeera z’abantu okusinga abaana abaakulira n’abazadde bombi abazaalibwa. Robert Oscar Lopez, naye kennyini yakula ne maama omukazi abaagalana ne munne omukazi, yayogedde ku kunoonyereza kwa Regnerus:
Okunoonyereza kwa Regnerus kwazudde abaana abakulu 248 nga bazadde baabwe balina omukwano n’omuntu ow’ekikula ekimu. Abaana bano abakulu bwe baaweebwa omukisa okwekenneenya mu bwesimbu obuto bwabwe nga badda emabega okusinziira ku ndowooza y’obukulu, baawa eby’okuddamu ebitakwatagana bulungi na kwewozaako okw’okwenkanankana okuzaalibwa mu nteekateeka y’obufumbo obutaliimu kikula ky’abantu. Kyokka, ebivaamu bino biwagirwa ekintu ekikulu mu bulamu, kwe kugamba, amagezi aga bulijjo: Kizibu okukula nga wa njawulo ku bantu abalala, era ebizibu bino byongera ku bulabe bw’abaana okufuna obuzibu mu kutereeza n’okwejjanjaba n’omwenge n’engeri endala ez’empisa ez’akabi. Buli omu ku abo 248 ababuuziddwa awatali kubuusabuusa alina emboozi ye ey’obuntu ng’erina ensonga eziwera ezikaluubiriza. Nga emboozi yange, . emboozi z’abantu bano 248 zisaana okunyumibwa. Ekibiina ky’ebisiyaga kikola kyonna ekisoboka okulaba nga tewali abawuliriza. (25) .
Tekisaana kwewuunyisa nti abaana b’abafumbo ab’ebisiyaga balina ebizibu. Bwe kityo bwe kiri ne ku baana bonna abava mu maka agamenyese. Balina ebizibu bingi nnyo mu bulamu bwabwe okusinga abaana abafunye enkizo okukula n’amaka ag’obuzaale agataliiko kamogo. Okugatta ku ekyo, obuwangwa bw’ebisiyaga buzibu eri abaana, okugeza olw’ensonga zino wammanga. Zireeta obutali butebenkevu mu bulamu bw'abaana:
• Abagaala ebisiyaga balina enkolagana enzibu ennyo. Kino kituufu naddala ku basajja abaagalana, okusinziira ku kunoonyereza okumu (Mercer et al 2009) balina enkolagana ey’okwegatta emirundi etaano okusinga abasajja ab’ebisiyaga.
• Abakyala abaagalana bamanyiddwa olw’omukwano omumpi. Enjawulo ku buli kikumi mu bafumbo abakyala kizuuliddwa nga kisinga nnyo ku bafumbo abasajja. Ekirala, bw’ogeraageranya n’abaagalana ab’ebisiyaga, ebitundu by’enjawulo biri waggulu nnyo. Kino nakyo kireeta obutali butebenkevu mu bulamu bw'abaana.
• Enkyukakyuka y’abaagalana bw’eba nnyingi ate nga waakiri omu ku bantu abakulu si muzadde w’omwana yennyini, akabi k’okutulugunyizibwa mu by’okwegatta bweyongera. Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa Regnerus kwazudde nti abaana 2% bokka abakuzibwa kitaabwe ne maama waabwe abazaalibwa be baagambye nti baakwatibwako mu by’okwegatta, ate abaana 23% abakuzibwa maama omukazi omukazi ne bagamba nti nabo bayiseemu ekintu kye kimu. Ekintu kye kimu kyali tekitera kubeera mu basajja abaagalana okusinga mu bafumbo abakyala.
• Nga bwe kimanyiddwa, bangi ku bannakyewa b’ekibiina ky’ebisiyaga bawakanya era ne bavuma ebikolwa ng’ebyo abantu mwe baagala kyeyagalire okugoba obulamu bw’ebisiyaga. Bakirumbye nga bagamba nti kya bulabe. Wabula obulamu bw’ebisiyaga bangi mu butuufu bwa bulabe era bwa bulabe olw’omukwano omungi ogw’okwegatta. Okusingira ddala abasajja emikisa gy’okukwatibwa endwadde z’ekikaba n’endwadde endala ezisiigibwa okuva ku muntu omu okudda ku mulala. Mu birala, mukenenya kizibu. Kino kiyinza okukendeeza ennyo ku bulamu bwabwe, naye era kiyinza okuggyako omuzadde omulala ku mwana. Kino nakyo kifuula obulamu bw'abaana obutabeera butebenkevu. Ekigambo kino wammanga kyogera ku nsonga eyo. Kye kunoonyereza okukulemberwa Dr. Robert S. Hogg. Ekibiina kye kyakung’aanya ebikwata ku basajja abagaala ebisiyaga n’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga mu kitundu ky’e Vancouver okuva mu 1987-1992. Okunoonyereza kuno kwatunuulira engeri obulwadde gye bukwata ku bulamu obwa wakati, so si mpisa. Ekirungi nti eddagala erigema likoleddwa okuva edda, .
Emikisa gy’abasajja ab’ebisiyaga n’ebisiyaga okuwangaala okuva ku myaka 20 okutuuka ku myaka 65 gyawukana wakati wa bitundu 32 ne 59 ku buli 100. Omuwendo guno mutono nnyo okusinga abasajja abalala okutwaliza awamu, abaali n’emikisa 78 ku buli 100 egy’okuwangaala okuva ku myaka 20 okutuuka ku myaka 65. Okumaliriza: Mu kibuga ekinene ekya Canada, obulamu bw’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga n’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga mu myaka gyabwe 20 buba wansi wa myaka 8-20 okusinga egy’abasajja abalala. Singa omuze gwe gumu ogw’okufa gugenda mu maaso, okusinziira ku kuteebereza kwaffe, kumpi kitundu ku basajja abagaala ebisiyaga n’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga kati abali mu myaka 20 tebajja kutuuka ku mazaalibwa gaabwe ag’emyaka 65. Ne bwe kiba nti endowooza ezisinga okuba ez’eddembe, abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga n’ebisiyaga mu kibuga kino wakati mu kiseera kino balina obulamu obwenkanankana n’obw’abasajja bonna mu Canada mu 1871. (26)
ABANTU BAKOZESA BETYA KU KINO? Nga bwe kyayogeddwa, omuzadde ali obwannamunigina asobola okukola ekisoboka mu kifo kye ng’omuzadde n’agezaako okubeera omuzadde omulungi eri omwana we. Ekyo toyinza kukigaana. Kyokka era kituufu nti ensengeka y’amaka y’esinga obukulu. Okunoonyereza okungi, ebituukiddwaako mu bulamu n’amagezi aga bulijjo biraga nti kirungi abaana okukula mu kkampuni n’okulabirira mu ngeri ey’okwagala bazadde baabwe bennyini abazaalibwa. Kya lwatu nti kino tekibaawo bulijjo kubanga abazadde balina ensobi, naye okutwalira awamu, abaana bazuuliddwa nga bakola bulungi singa abazadde bombi abazaala babaawo. Kale abawagizi b’obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu bakola batya ku mawulire gano, oba bwe gaba nga gabuusabuusa obulamu bw’ebisiyaga? Ebiseera ebisinga kyeyoleka nga enneeyisa zino wammanga:
Okulumiriza nti bakyaye ebisiyaga n’okwogera ebikyayi kitera okubaawo. Abantu bangi baleeta okulumiriza kuno, naye tebalowooza nti ne bwe tutakkaanya ku bintu, tekitegeeza kukyawa munne. Abo abawa ensonga tebasobola kumanya ndowooza ya munne ey’omunda era bayinza obutategeera nti wadde nga waliwo obutakkaanya, munne asobola okwagalibwa, oba waakiri okugezaako okwagala. Enjawulo eno erina okutegeerwa. Ate kya bulijjo abawagira ennyo obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu okuvuma n’okusiiga abantu abalaba ebintu mu ngeri ey’enjawulo okusinga bwe balaba. Newankubadde bagamba nti bakiikirira laavu, tebagikolerako. Bw’oba ggwe kennyini muvumirira bw’otyo, kiki ky’ofunamu oba singa ofuna okusiima kwa buli muntu ku bulamu bwo?
Okulumiriza okunenya. Emabegako kyategeezeddwa engeri ensengeka y’amaka gy’eri enkulu eri obulamu bw’abaana. Kizuuliddwa nti embuto z’abavubuka, obumenyi bw’amateeka, okukozesa ebiragalalagala n’obuzibu mu nneewulira bisinga kubeera mu maka waakiri omu ku bazadde abazaala abaabuze. Kino nakyo kirina kye kikola mu by’ensimbi, ng’ebisale by’embeera z’abantu byeyongera. Okugeza, okunoonyereza okwakolebwa mu USA mu 2008 kwalaga nti okwawukana n’abaana abazaalibwa ebweru w’obufumbo kifiiriza abawi b’omusolo obuwumbi bwa ddoola 112 buli mwaka (Girgis et al 2012:46). Mu ngeri y’emu, Etelä-Suomen sanomat yategeeza nga October 31, 2010: Okulabirira abaana n’abavubuka mu bitongole mu bbanga ttono kujja kumalawo akawumbi, Ebizibu by’abaana byeyongedde nnyo okuva ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 1990... Okulabirira omwana omu mu bitongole kugula ssente eziwera Euro 100,000 buli mwaka.... Okugatta ku ekyo, Aamulehti yategeeza nga March 3, 2013: Omuvubuka asuuliddwa ku mabbali agula obukadde 1.8. Singa n’omu akomezebwawo mu bantu, ekivaamu kiba kirungi. Abalala bakola batya ku mawulire gano? Bayinza okugamba nti kati abazadde abali obwannamunigina, abazadde ab’ebisiyaga oba abo abalemereddwa mu bufumbo bwabwe be bavunaanibwa. Kyokka, tolina kukitunuulira ng’osinziira ku ndowooza eyo. Nga bwe kiri, buli muntu asobola okulowooza ku ngeri ebintu gye biyinza okutereezebwamu okusobola okubifuula ebirungi. Omuntu bw’aba ateekateeka, okugeza, okuva mu munne n’ab’omu maka ge, alina okulowooza emirundi ebiri, kubanga kiyinza okukosa ennyo abaana n’ebiseera byabwe eby’omu maaso. (Ebiseera ebisinga abaana bokka abalabye n’okulaba effujjo enfunda n’enfunda be basobola okufuna okwawukana kwa bazadde baabwe ng’obuweerero.) Oba singa omusiyazi aba ateekateeka okuzaala omwana ng’ayita mu nkola ez’ekikugu, alina okulowooza ku ngeri omwana gy’awulira ng’abeera nga talina taata oba maama. Amawulire agakwata ku bukulu bw’ensengeka y’amaka eri abaana gafaanagana n’amawulire agakwata ku migaso gy’okukola dduyiro oba obulabe obuli mu kunywa sigala eri obulamu. Amawulire gano galiwo, naye si buli muntu nti agakola. Kyokka, singa tugoberera amawulire agaliwo buli muntu, kijja kutumbula obulamu bwaffe obw’omubiri.
"Okunoonyereza ku kasasiro" . Wadde ng’okutegeera okw’omugaso n’obulamu obwa bulijjo biwagira nti kirungi eri abaana singa bakkirizibwa okukula mu maka g’abazadde bombi abazaala, abamu ku basinga okuwagira obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu bagezaako okugaana kino. Bagamba nti okubeerawo kw’omuzadde omutuufu si kikulu, wabula nti omuntu omulala omukulu asobola okudda mu kifo ky’okubeerawo kw’omuzadde eyabula. Wano bajuliza okunoonyereza okwetongodde okukakasa endowooza eno. Mu kiseera kye kimu, kinnyonnyolwa nti amawulire gonna agaaliwo emabegako agakwata ku makulu g'ensengeka z'amaka "okunoonyereza okutaliimu nsa" n'amawulire agatali ga ssaayansi. Kye bava balowooza nti kisaana okugaanibwa. Kyokka bw’otunuulira okunoonyereza abawagira obufumbo obutaliimu kikula ky’abantu kwe boogera, basinga kutuukana n’obubonero bw’amawulire agatali ga ssaayansi. Ensonga eri nti okugeza ensonga zino wammanga:
The sample of the studies is small , ku kigero 30-60 bokka ababuuziddwa. Sayizi za sampuli entono teziyinza kuwa bivuddemu bikulu mu bibalo. Okusobola okukola generalizations, obunene bwa sampuli bulina okuba nga bungi.
Ebibinja ebigeraageranya bibula oba amaka agamenyese. Obuzibu obuli mu kunoonyereza kungi kwe kuba nti tebalina bibinja bya kugeraageranya bya bafumbo ab’ekikula ekirala n’akatono. Oba bwe wabaawo ekibinja ekigeraageranya, kisinga kuba maka agalimu omuzadde omu, agazzeemu okutondebwawo oba agabeera awamu. Obufumbo bw’abazadde abazaala, obumanyiddwa ng’obusinga okunyuma enkula y’abaana, tebutera kukozesebwa ng’ekibinja ky’okugeraageranya. Kyagambibwa dda emabegako nti abaana abali mu maka agamenyese balina ebizibu ebisingako nnyo.
Ku kunoonyereza 59 okwakozesebwa APA, 26 tekwalina kibinja kya kugeraageranya nga kirimu abafumbo ab’ekikula eky’enjawulo n’akatono. Okunoonyereza 33 kwalina ekibinja eky’okugeraageranya ng’ekyo, naye mu kunoonyereza 13 ekibinja eky’okugeraageranya kyali maka ga muzadde omu. Mu kunoonyereza 20 okusigaddewo, tekinnategeerekeka oba ekibinja ky’okugeraageranya kya muzadde omu, abafumbo ababeera awamu, amaka amapya oba abafumbo abatondebwawo bazadde b’omwana abazaala. Obutabeera na buzibu buno bwokka bufuula generalization obuzibu, okuva Brown (2004: 364) bw’agamba mu kunoonyereza kwe okwekenneenya abaana 35,938 ab’omu Amerika ne bazadde baabwe nti awatali kulowooza ku by’obugagga by’ensimbi n’okuzaala, abavubuka (emyaka 12-17) balina ebivaamu ebitono mu maka g’abafumbo ababeera awamu okusinga mu maka g’abazadde babiri abazaala abafumbo. (27) .
Tewali kutwala sampuli mu ngeri ya kimpowooze n'okumanyisa obukulu bwa yintaviyu . Sampuli bwe ziba entono, ekizibu ekirala kiri nti eziwerako ku zo tezisinziira ku kulonda sampuli mu ngeri ey’ekifuulannenge, wabula ababuuziddwa bawandiikibwa okuva mu nkiiko z’abalwanirizi b’eddembe. Ababuuziddwa bayinza okuba nga bamanyi amakulu g'okunoonyereza mu by'obufuzi n'olwekyo ne bawa eby'okuddamu "ebituufu". Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, ani ayagala okubuulira ebitali birungi ku mbeera y’abaana be bennyini oba omwana ku bazadde be, ani gw’aba yeetaaga okukkirizibwa? Mu ngeri eno, okunoonyereza okuwerako mu mulimu guno kujjukiza okunoonyereza okwategekebwa emyaka mingi emabega nga Alfred Kinsey. Tezaali zeesigamiziddwa ku kulonda sampuli mu ngeri ey’ekifuulannenge, naye ekitundu ekinene ku bivudde mu kunoonyereza kwa Kinsey kyava mu bamenyi b’amateeka ab’ekikaba, abasobya ku bakazi, ba pimps, pedophiles, bakasitoma b’ebbaala z’abasajja abagaala ebisiyaga n’abantu abalala abakyamye mu by’okwegatta. Ebyavudde mu kunoonyereza kwa Kinsey byagambibwa nti bikiikirira Omumerika owa bulijjo, kyokka okunoonyereza okwaddirira kuwadde ebivuddemu eby’enjawulo ddala era ne kuwakanya amawulire agaaweebwa Kinsey. Dr. Judith Reisman awandiise ku nsonga eno mu kitabo kye ekikulu "Kinsey: Crimes & Consequences" (1998).
Okunoonya ekigendererwa? Oluvannyuma okuggyamu embuto okukkirizibwa mu mateeka, kyagambibwa nti okuggyamu embuto mu ngeri emenya amateeka kwakolebwanga mu bungi. Ng’ekyokulabirako, kyagambibwa nti buli mwaka mu Finland abantu 30,000 be baggyamu embuto mu ngeri emenya amateeka, wadde ng’oluvannyuma lw’okukyusa mu mateeka, omuwendo gwatuuka ku 10,000 zokka. Kiki ekyaleetawo enjawukana ennene bwe zityo? Abamu ku bawagira okuggyamu embuto bakkirizza mu lwatu oluvannyuma nti bayitiridde omuwendo guno okusobola okuwugula ababaka n’endowooza z’abantu. Omuntu asobola okwebuuza oba waliwo okutunuulira ebiruubirirwa okufaananako mu kunoonyereza okungi okukwata ku bufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu. Abamu bakkirizza nti ebiruubirirwa ng’ebyo bibaddewo. Abanoonyereza babuusizza amaaso enjawulo entegeerekeka eziyinza okulabibwa kubanga babadde baagala okulaga nti ensengeka y’amaka tekwatagana na nkula y’abaana. Endowooza eno wammanga ejuliza kino:
Stacey ne Biblarz (2001: 162) bakkiriza nti olw’okuba abanoonyereza baali baagala okulaga nti okuzaala abafumbo ab’ebisiyaga kirungi nnyo ng’okuzaala abafumbo ab’ebisiyaga, abanoonyereza abakwatibwako ennyo bakwata enjawulo wakati w’engeri z’amaka gano n’obwegendereza. Mu ngeri endala, wadde ng’abanoonyereza mu butuufu baazuula enjawulo mu ngeri y’okuzaala abantu abakulu ababeera awamu, baazisimbira ekkuuli, ne banyooma obukulu bwazo, oba ne balemererwa okwongera okunoonyereza ku njawulo ezo. Okwegatta kw’abazadde kwakosa abaana baabwe okusinga abanoonyereza bye baakuza (Stacey & Biblarz 2001: 167). (28) .
Era tukimanyi nti okunoonyereza okusinga kukolebwa abanoonyereza batono. Ebiseera ebimu, babadde bakolagana. Ekirala, abamu ku bo balina ebisiyaga oba bawagira nnyo obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya bantu. Guno musingi mubi ogw’okunoonyereza okutaliimu kyekubiira.
Enkosa y’endowooza y’abanoonyereza ssekinnoomu eyongezebwa kubanga abanoonyereza abatonotono bakoze ekitundu kinene ku kunoonyereza 60 okwogerwako. Charlotte J. Patterson ye muwandiisi omu ku kunoonyereza okwo kkumi na bbiri ku 60, Henny Bos ku mwenda, Nanette Gartrell ku musanvu, Judith Stacey ne Abbie Goldberg bawandiisi bamu ku nnya, ate abalala abatonotono bawandiisi wamu ku kunoonyereza okusatu. Emirundi mingi babadde bakola wamu okunoonyereza. Kino kikendeeza ku muwendo gw’okunoonyereza okwetongodde era kyongera ku buyinza bw’okusosola kw’abanoonyereza. Kino kye kinnyonnyola lwaki ebigambo bye bimu biddibwamu mu kunoonyereza okuwerako. Charlotte Patterson pulofeesa w’eby’empisa mu yunivasite y’e Virginia. Ng’oggyeeko omulimu gwe ogw’okunoonyereza ennyo, era alina obumanyirivu obw’omu maaso ku nkola z’okuzaala mu maka g’abafumbo ab’ekikula ekimu: akuzizza abaana basatu mu mukago gwe ogw’emyaka 30 ne Deborah Cohn. Nanette Gartrell ng’ali wamu ne munne Dee Mosbacher, babadde bakola nnyo okulwanirira eddembe ly’ebisiyaga era y’abadde omunoonyereza omukulu mu pulojekiti y’okunoonyereza eya US National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study (NLLFS) eyassibwamu ssente ebibiina by’ebisiyaga ebiwerako ebimanyiddwa. Henny Bos akola nga pulofeesa w’ebyenjigiriza mu yunivasite y’e Amsterdam era yeetaba wamu ne Nanette Gartrell mu pulojekiti y’okunoonyereza eya NLLFS. Abbie Goldberg pulofeesa w’eby’empisa mu yunivasite ya Clark e Worcester mu Massachusetts. Agamba nti okuva ku ntandikwa y'omulimu gwe ogw'okunoonyereza, yafuna ekizibu nti "enkola z'embeera z'abantu n'emikutu gy'amawulire egy'amaanyi giraga enkola eyitibwa dominant norm, etakyafuga nnyo (kwe kugamba, heterosexual nuclear family structure)". Mu ndowooza ze ez’ekikugu eziwerako, Judith Stacey abadde alwanirira obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu, wadde ng’alaba ng’eky’okukola ekisinga obulungi kwe kuggyawo ekitongole kyonna eky’obufumbo. Mu ndowooza ye, ekitongole ky’obufumbo ku bwakyo kyongera obutafaanagana. (29) . wadde ng’alowooza nti ekisinga obulungi kwe kuggyawo ekitongole kyonna eky’obufumbo. Mu ndowooza ye, ekitongole ky’obufumbo ku bwakyo kyongera obutafaanagana. (29) . wadde ng’alowooza nti ekisinga obulungi kwe kuggyawo ekitongole kyonna eky’obufumbo. Mu ndowooza ye, ekitongole ky’obufumbo ku bwakyo kyongera obutafaanagana. (29) .
Omukwano . Abanazi bwe baali balwanirira okutta omuntu, emu ku nsonga eyo yali ya kusaasira. Kyannyonnyolwa nti obulamu bw’omuntu bwonna si bwa mugaso okubeera, era y’ensonga lwaki, mu bintu ebirala, firimu za pulopaganda zakolebwa okugezaako okulwanirira ensonga eno. Mu linnya ly’okusaasira, waaliwo okusalawo okwakolebwa okukkakkana nga kuvuddemu ebizibu eby’entiisa. Ebintu bingi ebiwolereza ne leero mu linnya ly’omukwano. Kya lwatu nti si kikyamu omukwano okuwolereza, naye emirundi mingi mu butuufu kiyinza okuba masiki ey’okwefaako yekka naddala eri omuntu omukulu okwefaako yekka eri omwana. Nga emisinde emipya gye gizze girabika mu bantu mu myaka egiyise, mingi ku gyo gikwatagana ddala n’abaana. Abaana bawalirizibwa okulaba ebiva mu kusalawo kw’abantu abakulu. Enkyukakyuka mu by’okwegatta, okuggyamu embuto, n’obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu bye byokulabirako bisatu:
• Ekirowoozo ky’enkyukakyuka mu by’okwegatta kyali nti si kibi okwegatta nga tolina kweyama mu bufumbo. Ensonga eno yawolereza nga bagamba nti "tewali kikyamu singa abantu bombi baagalana". Kiki ekibadde era kiki ekivaamu singa omwana azaalibwa mu mbeera ng’eno ng’abazadde tebeewaddeyo eri bannaabwe nga ekyo tekinnatuuka? Ekisinga essanyu mazima ddala y’enkola ng’abazadde bakwatagana mangu era omwana n’azaalibwa mu maka agalimu abazadde bombi. Kyokka, enkola eyo etera okuba ey’enjawulo. Abazadde bayinza okuggyamu embuto oba bayinza okwawukana omwana n’abeera mu kulabirirwa maama ali obwannamunigina (oba taata ali obwannamunigina). N’olwekyo eddembe ly’okwegatta, eriyinza okuba nga lyalwaniriddwa n’omukwano, si ngeri nnungi eri omwana.
• Okuggyamu embuto kwajja oluvannyuma lw’enkyukakyuka mu by’okwegatta. Ne leero, abalwanirira ensonga eno tebasobola kuwa kunnyonnyola lwaki omwana ali mu lubuto lwa maama, alina ebitundu by’omubiri bye bimu (amaaso, ennyindo, akamwa, amagulu, emikono) n’omwana omuwere oba okugeza omwana ow’emyaka 10, yandibadde si muntu mutono. Okubeera mu lubuto lwa maama kwokka tekirina kuba musingi.
• Obufumbo obutaliimu kikula kya muntu – omulamwa gw’ekitundu kino – nakyo kiyinza okuba ekizibu eri abaana. Kubanga singa abaana bafunibwa mu kwegatta ng’okwo nga bayita mu nkola ez’ekikugu oba omukwano ogw’ekiseera ogw’ekika kya hetero, kireka omwana mu mbeera ng’abuze waakiri omu ku bazadde be abazaala awaka.
References:
1. Wendy Wright: French Homosexuals Join Demonstration Against Gay Marriage, Catholic Family & Human Rights Institute, January 18, 2013 2. Liisa Tuovinen, ”Synti vai siunaus?” Inhimillinen tekijä. TV2, 2.11.2004, klo 22.05. 3. Bill Hybels: Kristityt seksihullussa kulttuurissa (Christians in a Sex Crazed Culture), p. 132 4. Espen Ottosen: Minun homoseksuaalit ystäväni (”Mine homofile venner”), p. 104 5. Espen Ottosen: Minun homoseksuaalit ystäväni (”Mine homofile venner”), p. 131 6. Lesboidentiteetti ja kristillisyys, p. 87, Seta julkaisut 7. Sinikka Pellinen: Homoseksuaalinen identiteetti ja kristillinen usko, p. 77, Teron kertomus 8. Ari Puonti: Suhteesta siunaukseen, p. 76,77 9. John Corvino: Mitä väärää on homoseksualisuudessa?, p. 161 10. Tapio Puolimatka: Seksuaalivallankumous, perheen ja kulttuurin romahdus, p. 172 11. Jean-Pierre Delaume-Myard: Homosexuel contre le marriage pour tous (2013), Deboiris, p. 94 12. Jean-Pierre Delaume-Myard: Homosexuel contre le marriage pour tous (2013), Deboiris, p. 210 13. Jean-Pierre Delaume-Myard: Homosexuel contre le marriage pour tous (2013), Deboiris, p. 212 14. Jean-Marc Guénois: “J’ai été élevé par deux femmes”, Le Figaro 1.10.2013 15. Tapio Puolimatka: Lapsen ihmisoikeus, oikeus isään ja äitiin, p. 28,29 16. Frank Litgvoet: “The Misnomer of Motherless Parenting”, New York Times 07/2013 17. Tapio Puolimatka: Lapsen ihmisoikeus, oikeus isään ja äitiin, p. 43,44 18. Alana Newman: Testimony of Alana S. Newman. Opposition to AB460. To the California Assembly Committee on Health, April 30, 2013. 19. Edwin Louis Cole: Miehuuden haaste, p. 104 20. David Popenoe (1996): Life without Father: Compelling New Evidence That Fatherhood and Marriage Are Indispensable for the Good of Children and Society. New York: Free Press. 21. Kristin Anderson Moore & Susan M. Jekielek & Carol Emig:” Marriage from a Child’s Perspective: How Does Family Structure Affect Children and What Can We do About it”, Child Trends Research Brief, Child Trends, June 2002, http:www. childrentrends.org&/files/marriagerb602.pdf.) 22. Sara McLanahan & Gary Sandefur: Growing Up with a Single Parent: What Hurts, What Helps, p. 38 23. Margaret Mead: Some Theoretical Considerations on the Problem of Mother-Child Separation, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, vol. 24, 1954, p. 474 24. Sotirios Sarantakos: Children in Three Contexts: Family, Education and Social Development, Children Australia 21, 23-31, (1996) 25. Robert Oscar Lopez: Growing Up With Two Moms: The Untold Cgildren’s View, The Public Discourse, Augustth, 2012 26. International Journal of Epidemiology Modelling the Impact of HIV Disease on Mortality in Gay and Bisexual men; International Journal of Epidemiology; Vol. 26, No 3, p. 657 27. Tapio Puolimatka: Lapsen ihmisoikeus, oikeus isään ja äitiin, p. 166 28. Tapio Puolimatka: Lapsen ihmisoikeus, oikeus isään ja äitiin, p. 176 29. Tapio Puolimatka: Lapsen ihmisoikeus, oikeus isään ja äitiin, p. 178,179
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Jesus is the way, the truth and the life
Grap to eternal life!
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Other Google Translate machine translations:
Obukadde n'obukadde bw'emyaka /
dinosaurs / evolution y'omuntu? |
