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This is a machine translation made by Google Translate and has not been checked. There may be errors in the text. On the right, there are more links to translations made by Google Translate. In addition, you can read other articles in your own language when you go to my English website (Jari's writings), select an article there and transfer its web address to Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/?sl=en&tl=fi&op=websites).
Chirongwa cheTV "Dinosaur Apocalypse"
Verenga kuti purogiramu yenyika yeTV inotaura sei nezvetsunami huru yakaitika nokuparadzwa kwemadinosaur, zviri pachena kuti Mafashamo anotaurwa muBhaibheri.
Ndakazoona chirongwa chezvikamu zviviri paTV chinonzi Dinosaur Apocalypse (Dinosaur Apocalypset., BBC/PBS/France Télévisions, Iso-Britannia, 2022.). Yakaunza dzidziso yakajairika yekuti ma dinosaurs akafa kutsakatika makore angangoita mamirioni makumi matanhatu apfuura pakupera kweiyo inonzi nguva yeCretaceous. Chikonzero cheizvi chave chichinzi ndeye asteroid yakarova pasi uye yakakonzera kuparadzwa kwemadinosaur. Chii chawarangarira nezvechirongwa ichi? Ini ndinobvuma kuti ma dinosaurs, sehumwe hupenyu, akatarisana nekuparadzwa, asi kufambidzana uye chikonzero chekuparadza chinogona kusabvumirana. Kutanga, kuvapo kwemadinosaur panyika. Vakararama chaizvoizvo makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 65 apfuura here? Ini handisi kuzokurukura nyaya iyi zvakare pano sezvandakaifukidza mune zvimwe zvinyorwa zvangu. Ini ndinongotaura kuti zvisaririra zvedhinasori hazvina kana mamaki kana ma tag aaigara ipapo. Pane kudaro, matishu akapfava, radiocarbon, DNA, uye masero eropa anowanikwa mumafossils anoratidza zvakasimba kuti pane zviuru zvishoma zvemakore kubva pakuvapo kwavo paNyika. Izvi zvinhu zviri mumatombo ufakazi hwokutsakatika kwazvino uno, kwete kutsakatika kwakaitika mamiriyoni amakore akapfuura. Mukuwedzera, vatsvakurudzi vangaita zvakanaka kufunga kuti nyaya dzakawanda dzechinyakare dzakadzokororwa dzichitaura nezvemashato, ayo akafanana zvikuru nemadinosaur. sezvinoratidzwa nemashoko anotevera. Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo wemhuka dzakatsakatika, kuvapo kwacho kwaigona kuratidzwa nevanhu vepakutanga zviuru zvezviuru zvapfuura. Izwi rokuti dinosaur harina kugadzirwa kusvika kuma1800 naRichard Owen.
Madhiragoni mungano, zvinoshamisa zvakakwana, kungofanana nemhuka chaidzo dzakararama kare. Iwo akafanana nezvinokambaira zvikuru (madinosaur) akatonga nyika kare kare munhu asati afungidzirwa kuva akaoneka. Madhiragoni aiwanzoonekwa seakaipa uye anoparadza. Rudzi rumwe norumwe rwaitaura kwavari mungano dzavo. ( The World Book Encyclopedia, Vol. 5, 1973, peji 265)
Zvakadini nechisakiso chokutsakatika kwemadinosaur? Chikonzero chekuparadzwa kwacho chakaratidzwa muchirongwa ichi semuchadenga wakarova pasi makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 65 apfuura. Zvisinei, muchirongwa chacho zvakabvumwa kuti “hapana munhu akawana fossil ye<em>dinosaur kuratidza kuti vakafa nemhaka yekudhumhana”. Nemamwe mashoko, asteroid inowira pasi itsanangudzo isina kunaka yekutsakatika kwemadinosaur. Pane kudaro, purogiramu yakauya netsanangudzo inonzwisisika zvikuru yekuparadzwa kwemadinosaur: mvura. Yakaudzwa uye yakaunzwa kakawanda muchirongwa kuti tsunami huru ingadai yakakonzera kuparadzwa kwemadinosaur munzvimbo yeHell Creek. Heano mamwe makotesheni kubva kuchirongwa:
Heino nharaunda yemvura yakachena yeGehena Creek kuumbwa. Iyo shard, inopenya mumimvuri ye neon yakatsvuka uye yakasvibira, inobva mugoko remhuka yegungwa yakaita sespiral, ammonite. Ichi chipenyu chemugungwa chapinda munzvimbo ine mvura yakachena umo chisiri chega. Kuti maamoni akaguma sei pano hazvizivikanwi.
Iro dombo saka rine porous uye rinenge mita kukora. Izvo nezvimwe zvisina kujairika zvinonongedza chiitiko chinoshamisa mumaonero aRobert. Zvichida mafashamo kana kudonha kwemadhaka kwakaitika pano, iyo yakaviga zvinhu zvose pasi payo pakarepo.
Kukurumidza kuvigwa mhuka yacho, kana kuti kuvigwa kuri iko kuri iko kuri kukonzera kufa kwayo, ndipo panobva pamuka mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka efossilization. … 99.9% yemhuka hadziite fossilize
Nzira yekuberekesa yepterosaurs yakabudirira zvakajeka. Zvinoratidza kuti hupenyu hwaive hwakajairika kudzamara kukanganiswa kweasteroid kwakachinja zvese nenzira inotyisa.
Mhuka idzi dzakafamba mugungwa here? Vakanga vononwa kubva mumupendero wakapfava. Nhamba yezvinyorwa zvakawanikwa naRobert zvinoratidza kuti kunyange pakupera kweCretaceous period, Tanis akanga akazara nehupenyu.
Chikwata chaRobert chinotevera chinokwezva cheni yevanotungamira. Chinongotanga kuziva zvisaririra zvehove dzakatsakatika zvikuru.
Heino huni. Kurwisana nayo, zvitunha zvehove zvakasvinwa zvakasimba.
Heano mamwe mafossils pano neapo. Heino imwe uye padivi payo imwe sturgeon yakatarisana nenzira iyi. Pazasi pedziva sturgeon pane imwe sturgeon. Muviri wayo unoenda pasi pehunde yemuti woonekwa kune rimwe divi. Iro dombo saka rine porous uye rinenge mita kukora. Izvo nezvimwe zvisina kujairika zvinonongedza chiitiko chinoshamisa mumaonero aRobert. Zvichida mafashamo kana kudonha kwemadhaka kwakaitika pano, iyo yakaviga zvinhu zvose pasi payo pakarepo.
Maererano nedzidziso yaRobert, hove dzakabatwa mumashure ematanda emiti uye dzakakomberedzwa nemativi dzakafa mushure mekubatwa mune imwe mhando yemafashamo uye dzakakurumidza kuvigwa mumatope. Ndiko kusaka vakachengetwa zvakanaka. Chii chakakonzera masaisai emvura? Maererano neimwe fungidziro, asteroid yakarova gungwa yakakonzera tsunami. Iye zvino tiri kutaura nezvemhando yakasiyana zvachose yetsunami. Yakanga yakakwirira uye yakakura kudarika tsunami dzemazuva ano. ... Kureba kwayo kwaingoita kiromita imwe chete.
Ko tsunami ingave yakakonzera stratification yakaonekwa muTanis here?
Ndinofunga vaongorori muzvirongwa vaive munzira chaiyo. Mvura yakanyatsobatanidzwa mukuparadzwa kwemadinosaur. Izvi zvakanga zvisiri izvo chete munzvimbo yeHell Creek, iyo yakafukidzwa muchirongwa, asi kwese kwese zvakare. Hell Creek ndiyo imwe chete yenzvimbo dzakawanikwa dinosaurs, sezvo zvakasara zvemhuka idzi zvakawanikwa pasi rese. Kutaura idi, zvisaririra zveidzi mhuka, sezvisaririra zvedzimwe mhuka, zvaisazotongovapo kudai madhaka akanga asina kutanga afushira mhuka idzi nokukurumidza mumadhaka. Ndiyo chete nzira yokutsanangura nayo mavambo ezvisaririra zvose, izvo kuumbwa kwawo kusingachanyanyi kucherechedzwa nhasi. Muchirongwa chakabvumwa zvakare kuti kusikwa kwemafossils chiitiko chisingawanzo: "Kukurumidza kuvigwa mhuka yacho, kana kuti kuvigwa kuri iko kuri iko kuri kukonzera kufa kwayo, ndipo panobva pamuka mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka efossilization. … 99.9% yemhuka hadziite fossilize. Chechipiri, chirongwa ichi chakataura kuti mhuka dzemugungwa dzakaita seammonites nehove dzakawanikwa mumitsetse yakafanana nemiti nemadinosaur. Izvi zvinobvira sei? Mhuka dzemugungwa, mhuka dzepanyika nemiti zvinogona sei kuitika pamwechete muchikamu chimwe chete? Tsananguro chete ndeyokuti tsunami huru yakakonzera chiitiko ichi, sezvakaratidzwa muchirongwa. Chirongwa chacho chakatotaura nezvehukuru hwetsunami kuti "Kureba kwayo kwaive kwekiromita imwe chete." Chii chandinoda kutaura neyakapfuura? Kana tiri kutaura nezvetsunami huru, nei tisingagoni kutaura zvakananga nezveMafashamo anodudzwa muBhaibheri sechisakiso choruparadziko? Icho ndicho chikonzero chinonyanya kukonzera kuparadzwa kwezvose zviri zviviri dinosaurs nemamwe marudzi. Iri pfundo rakakodzera kurangarirwa, sezvo mazana akati wandei maakaunzi ekutanga mafashamo akawanikwa, sezvinoratidzwa zvinotevera:
Dzinosvika 500 tsika - kusanganisira zvizvarwa zveGreece, China, Peru neNorth America - dzinozivikanwa munyika umo ngano nengano dzinotsanangura nyaya inogombedzera yemafashamo makuru akachinja nhoroondo yedzinza. Munyaya zhinji, vanhu vashoma chete ndivo vakapukunyuka mafashamo, sezvakaitika kuna Noa. Vazhinji vamarudzi vakarangarira mafashamo kuva akaparirwa navamwari avo, nokuda kwechikonzero chimwe kana chimwe, vakafinhwa norudzi rwomunhu. Zvichida vanhu vakanga vane uori, somunguva yaNoa uye mungano yerudzi rweNative American Hopi rweNorth America, kana kuti zvichida kwaiva nevanhu vakawanda zvikuru uye vaiva nemhere-mhere, semungano yainzi Gilgamesh. (Kalle Taipale: Levoton maapallo, p. 78)
Lenormant anoti mubhuku rake "Beginning of History": “Tine banza rokubvumikisa kuti nhau yaMafashamo igamuchidzanwa rapose pose mumapazu ose emhuri yomunhu, uye gamuchidzanwa rakati uye rakafanana seiri harigoni kurangarirwa kuva ngano yokufungidzira. Chiitiko chinotyisa, chiitiko chakaita kuti vabereki vokutanga vemhuri yevanhu vafunge zvakasimba zvokuti kunyange vazukuru vavo vaisambochikanganwa.” ( Toivo Seljavaara: Oliko vedenpaisumus ja Nooan arkki mahdollinen?, peji 5)
Vanhu vemarudzi akasiyana vane nhau dzenhaka dzakasiyana pamusoro pengwavaira huru yemafashamo. VaGiriki vakataura nhau pamusoro peMafashamo, uye yakanangidzirwa pamunhu anonzi Dheukarioni; kunyange nguva refu Columbus asati asvika, vagari vomukondinendi yeAmerica vakanga vane nhau dzakanga dzachengeta ndangariro yamafashamo ari mupenyu. Ngano pamusoro pemafashamo dzakapfuuridzirwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa kusvikira nhasi muAustralia, India, Polynesia, Tibet, Kašmir neLithuania. Dzose dzingori ngano nengano here? Dzose dzakagadzirwa here? Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ose anorondedzera njodzi huru imwe cheteyo. (Werner Keller: Raamattu on oikeassa, p. 29)
Chimwe chikonzero zvisaririra zvemhuka dzomugungwa nezvinomera pamidungwerungwe yemakomo marefu, kubatanidza Himalaya Mount Everest nemimwe makomo marefu. Heano mamwe mashoko kubva mumabhuku esainzi pachezvake nezvenyaya iyi:
Paaifamba paBeagle Darwin pachake akawana magoko egungwa ane fossilized kubva kumusoro kumakomo eAndean. Zvinoratidza kuti, zvino gomo raimbova pasi pemvura. (Jerry A. Coyne: Miksi evoluutio on totta [Nei mhindumupindu iri yechokwadi], p. 127)
Pane chikonzero chekutarisa zvakanyanya pamhando yepakutanga yematombo mumakomo emakomo. Inonyanya kuonekwa muAlps, mune lime Alps yekuchamhembe, inonzi Helvetian zone. Limestone ndiyo huru yematombo. Tikatarisa dombo riri pano pamateru kana pamusoro pegomo - dai taiva nesimba rekukwira ipapo - tinopedzisira tawana masara emhuka, zvisaririra zvemhuka, imomo. Dzinowanzokuvadzwa zvakaipisisa asi zvinokwanisika kuwana zvidimbu zvinozivikanwa. Ese zvisaririra ihoko reraimu kana marangwanda ezvisikwa zvegungwa. Pakati pavo pane spiral-threaded ammonites, uye kunyanya yakawanda-yakaviri-shelled clams. (…) Muverengi anogona kushamisika panguva ino kuti zvinorevei kuti makomo anotakura matombo akawanda, ayo anogona kuwanikwa akaturikidzana muzasi megungwa. (p. 236,237 "Muuttuva maa", Pentti Eskola)
Harutaka Sakai anobva kuJapan University muKyushu ave nemakore akawanda achitsvakurudza zvisaririra zvemugungwa izvi mumakomo eHimalaya. Iye neboka rake vakanyora yakazara aquarium kubva panguva yeMesozoic. Fragile maruva egungwa, hama kune ikozvino urchins yegungwa uye starfishes, anowanikwa mumatombo ematombo anopfuura makiromita matatu pamusoro pegungwa. MaAmoni, mabelemnite, makorari uye plankton anowanikwa sezvisaririra mumatombo emakomo (…) Paukwiriri hwemakiromita maviri, nyanzvi dzepasi dzakawana chisaririra chakasiiwa negungwa pacharo. Mafungu ayo akafanana nedombo anoenderana nemafomu anoramba ari mujecha kubva kumafungu emvura yakaderera. Kunyangwe kubva pamusoro peEverest, mitsetse yeyero yelimestone inowanikwa, iyo yakasimuka pasi pemvura kubva kune zvakasara zvemhuka dzemugungwa dzisingaverengeki. ( "Maapallo ihmeiden planetta", p. 55)
Chii chinogona kugumiswa kubva pamusoro apa? Hazvina maturo kutaura pamusoro pemamiriyoni emakore, nokuti zvisaririra zvedinosaur pachazvo hazvipupuriri chinhu chakadaro. Matishu akapfava, radiocarbon, DNA uye masero eropa ari mazviri anonongedzera zvakajeka kunguva pfupi chete. Panzvimbo pezvo, idzi mhuka dzakafa zvikurukuru muMafashamo anodudzwa muBhaibheri, kunyange zvazvo dzakararama pashure peichi chiitiko. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nemifananidzo yemadhiragoni pakati pemarudzi akawanda. Mimwe mienzaniso mizhinji inogona kutaurwa pachinhu ichi, asi ndinovimba kuti mienzaniso yapfuura inoratidza kuti rondedzero yeBhaibheri yemafashamo inhau chaiyo, asi mamiriyoni emakore kufungidzira. Mirangariro yokusadavira kuvapo kwaMwari yamavambo echisiko chapose pose uye mavambo oupenyu rutivi rwefungidziro yakafanana, sezvo pasina mitumbi yomudenga inogona kumuka yoga, uye upenyu husingagoni kumuka hwoga. Hapana humbowo humwechete hweizvi, hunobvuma kunyange masayendisiti akati kuti asingatendi kuvapo kwaMwari. Ndakanyora nezvenyaya idzi mune zvakawanda zvezvinyorwa zvangu, uye zvinewo maonero echokwadi emasayendisiti asingatendi kuti kuna Mwari. Ndinoshuva kuti munhu wose aizonyatsoongorora zvinhu izvi. Ini pachangu ndakanga ndisingadaviri kuvapo kwaMwari aidavira dzidziso dzokusadavira kuvapo kwaMwari dzechisiko uye mamiriyoni amakore. Iye zvino ndava kuzviona sengano, nhema uye ngano.
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Grap to eternal life!
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Other Google Translate machine translations:
Mamirioni emakore / dinosaurs /
kushanduka kwevanhu? |
