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This is a machine translation made by Google Translate and has not been checked. There may be errors in the text. On the right, there are more links to translations made by Google Translate. In addition, you can read other articles in your own language when you go to my English website (Jari's writings), select an article there and transfer its web address to Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/?sl=en&tl=fi&op=websites).
Gahunda ya TV "Dinosaur Apocalypse"
Soma uburyo gahunda ya TV yisi ivuga kuri tsunami ikomeye yabaye hamwe no kurimbuka kwa dinosaur, bikaba bigaragara ko Umwuzure uvugwa muri Bibiliya
Naje kubona gahunda y'ibice bibiri kuri TV yitwa Dinosaur Apocalypse (Dinosaur Apocalypset., BBC / PBS / Ubufaransa Télévisions, Iso-Britannia, 2022.). Byazanye imyizerere imwe ivuga ko dinozawusi yapfuye yazimye hashize imyaka miriyoni 65 nyuma yigihe cyiswe Cretaceous. Impamvu yabyo byavuzwe ko ari asteroide yibasiye isi igatera kurimbuka kwa dinosaur. Niki wibutse kuriyi gahunda? Nemera ko dinosaurs, kimwe nubundi buzima, yahuye n’irimbuka, ariko gukundana nimpamvu yo kurimbuka birashobora kutemeranywa. Ubwa mbere, kuba dinosaurs kwisi. Babayeho koko hashize imyaka irenga miliyoni 65? Ntabwo nzongera kuganira kuriyi ngingo hano nkuko nabivuze mu zindi nyandiko zanjye. Gusa nzavuga ko ibisigazwa bya dinosaur bidafite ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso byabayeho icyo gihe. Ahubwo, inyama zoroshye, radiocarubone, ADN, hamwe na selile zamaraso ziboneka mu myanda yerekana ko hashize imyaka ibihumbi bike kuva isi ibayeho. Ibi bintu biri mu bisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima ni gihamya y’uko baherutse kurimbuka, ntabwo kuzimangana kwabayeho mu myaka miriyoni ishize. Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi nibyiza kuzirikana ko inkuru nyinshi gakondo zagiye zivuga inshuro nyinshi inzoka, zisa cyane na dinosaur.Bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko bari ibiremwa by imigani gusa, ariko mubyukuri kwerekana ibiyoka byari bisanzwe mubantu benshi, nkuko amagambo akurikira abigaragaza. Iki nikibazo rwose cyinyamanswa yazimye, kubaho kwayo bishobora kugaragazwa nabantu bo hambere mumyaka mike ishize. Ijambo dinosaur ntabwo ryahimbwe kugeza mu 1800 na Richard Owen.
Ibiyoka mu migani, biratangaje bihagije, kimwe ninyamaswa nyazo zabayeho kera. Basa n'ibikururuka binini (dinosaurs) byategekaga igihugu kera cyane ko umuntu atagaragara. Ibiyoka byafatwaga nkibibi kandi byangiza. Buri gihugu cyabavuzeho mu migani yabo. ( Igitabo cyitwa World Book Encyclopedia, Vol. 5, 1973, p. 265)
Tuvuge iki ku mpamvu yo kurimbuka kwa dinosaur? Impamvu yo kurimbuka yerekanwe muri gahunda nka asteroide yibasiye isi mu myaka irenga miliyoni 65 ishize. Icyakora, muri gahunda hemejwe ko "nta muntu wabonye ibisigazwa bya dinosaur byerekana ko bapfuye bazize impanuka". Muyandi magambo, asteroide igwa kwisi nigisobanuro kibi cyo kuzimangana kwa dinosaur. Ahubwo, gahunda yazanye ibisobanuro byumvikana cyane kurimbuka rya dinosaur: amazi. Byabwiwe kandi bizanwa inshuro nyinshi muri gahunda ko tsunami nini yaba yarateje isenywa rya dinosaur mu gace ka Hell Creek. Hano hari amagambo yavuzwe muri gahunda:
Hano hari amazi meza yibidukikije bya Hell Creek. Igishishwa, kirabagirana mu gicucu cya neon umutuku n'icyatsi kibisi, kiva mu gikonoshwa cy'inyamaswa zo mu nyanja zimeze nk'izunguruka, ammonite. Iyi miterere yinyanja yinjiye mumazi meza aho itari. Ukuntu ammonite yarangiye hano ni amayobera.
Igice cy'urutare rero ni cyiza kandi gifite uburebure bwa metero. Ibyo nibindi bidasanzwe byerekana ibintu bidasanzwe mubitekerezo bya Robert. Ahari umwuzure cyangwa umwuzure wabaye hano, washyinguye ibintu byose munsi yacyo mukanya.
Byihuse inyamanswa ishyinguwe, cyangwa niba gushyingurwa ari nayo nyirabayazana wurupfu rwayo, havuka uburyo bwiza bwo guturika. 99 99,9% by'inyamaswa ntizimera
Uburyo bwo kororoka bwa pterosaurs bwagenze neza. Irerekana ko ubuzima bwari busanzwe kugeza igihe ingaruka za asteroide zahinduye byose muburyo buteye ubwoba.
Izi nyamaswa zagendaga mu nyanja? Bagiye kunywa ku nkombe yoroshye. Umubare w’ibimera byavumbuwe na Robert byerekana ko no mu gihe cyanyuma cya Cretaceous, Tanis yari yuzuye ubuzima.
Ikipe ya Robert ikurikira urunigi rushimishije. Ikimenyetso cya mbere ni ibisigazwa by’amafi byazimye.
Hano hari inkwi. Kurwanya, imirambo y amafi yakubiswe cyane.
Hano hari ibisigazwa bimwe na bimwe hano. Hano hari imwe kandi kuruhande rwayo indi sturgeon ireba iyi nzira. Munsi yicyuzi sturgeon niyindi sturgeon. Umubiri wacyo ujya munsi yumuti wigiti ugaragara kurundi ruhande. Igice cy'urutare rero ni cyiza kandi gifite uburebure bwa metero. Ibyo nibindi bidasanzwe byerekana ibintu bidasanzwe mubitekerezo bya Robert. Ahari umwuzure cyangwa umwuzure wabaye hano, washyinguye ibintu byose munsi yacyo mukanya.
Dukurikije inyigisho ya Robert, amafi yafatiwe mu gihuru cy'ibiti by'ibiti kandi akikijwe n'imirongo yapfuye nyuma yo gufatwa n'umwuzure runaka maze ahita ashyingurwa mu mwobo. Niyo mpamvu babitswe neza cyane. Niki cyateye umuraba mwinshi? Dukurikije hypothesis imwe, asteroide yibasiye inyanja yateje tsunami. Ubu turavuga ubwoko butandukanye bwa tsunami. Byari hejuru cyane kandi binini kuruta tsunami yubu. ... Uburebure bwacyo bwari byibuze kilometero.
Ese tsunami yaba yarateje stratification igaragara muri Tanis?
Ntekereza ko abashakashatsi muri gahunda bari munzira nziza. Amazi rwose yagize uruhare mukurimbura dinosaur. Ntabwo byari bimeze gusa mu gace ka Hell Creek, kari kavuzwe muri gahunda, ariko n'ahandi hose. Hell Creek ni hamwe mu hantu wasangaga dinosaurs, kuko ibisigazwa by'izi nyamaswa byabonetse ku isi yose. Mubyukuri, ibisigazwa by’izi nyamaswa, kimwe n’ibisigazwa by’andi matungo, ntibyari kubaho iyo umwuzure utabanje kubanza gushyingura ayo matungo mu cyondo. Nibwo buryo bwonyine bwo gusobanura inkomoko y’ibimera byose, bitagaragara muri iki gihe. Muri porogaramu hemejwe kandi ko kurema ibisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima ari ibintu bidasanzwe: ”Byihuse inyamanswa ishyinguwe, cyangwa niba gushyingurwa ari nayo nyirabayazana wurupfu rwayo, havuka uburyo bwiza bwo guturika. … 99,9% by'inyamaswa ntizimera. ” Icya kabiri, gahunda yavuze ko inyamaswa zo mu nyanja nka ammonite n’amafi zabonetse mu cyiciro kimwe n’ibiti na dinosaur. Nigute bishoboka? Nigute inyamaswa zo mu nyanja, inyamaswa zo ku butaka n'ibiti zishobora kubaho hamwe murwego rumwe? Gusa ibisobanuro nuko tsunami nini yateje iki kintu, nkuko bigaragara muri gahunda. Porogaramu yanavuze ku bunini bwa tsunami igira iti "Uburebure bwayo bwari nibura kilometero." Ndashaka kuvuga iki hamwe nicyabanje? Niba tuvuga tsunami nini, kuki tudashobora kuvuga mu buryo butaziguye Umwuzure uvugwa muri Bibiliya nk'impamvu yo kurimbuka? Ninimpamvu ishoboka cyane yo kurimbuka kwa dinosaur nandi moko. Iyi ngingo ikwiye gusuzumwa, kubera ko habonetse amakonte menshi yumwuzure hakiri kare, nkuko amagambo akurikira abigaragaza:
Imico igera kuri 500 - harimo n'abasangwabutaka bo mu Bugereki, Ubushinwa, Peru na Amerika y'Amajyaruguru - izwi ku isi aho imigani n'imigani isobanura inkuru ishimishije y'umwuzure munini wahinduye amateka y'umuryango. Mu nkuru nyinshi, abantu bake gusa ni bo barokotse umwuzure, kimwe na Nowa. Benshi mubantu babonaga ko umwuzure watewe nimana, kubwimpamvu imwe cyangwa izindi, barambiwe ubwoko bwabantu. Birashoboka ko abantu bari bononekaye, nko mu gihe cya Nowa no mu mugani w’umuryango wa kavukire w’Abanyamerika Hopi wo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, cyangwa se ahari hari abantu benshi cyane kandi basakuza cyane, nko mu gihe cya Gilgamesh. (Kalle Taipale: Levoton maapallo, p. 78)
Lenormant avuga mu gitabo cye "Intangiriro y'amateka": "Dufite amahirwe yo kwerekana ko inkuru y'Umwuzure ari umuco rusange ku mashami yose y'umuryango w'abantu, kandi imigenzo imwe n'imwe kandi imwe kuko idashobora gufatwa nk'umugani watekerejwe. Igomba kuba kwibuka ukuri kandi ibintu biteye ubwoba, ikintu cyagize ingaruka zikomeye mumitekerereze yababyeyi ba mbere bumuryango wabantu kuburyo nababakomokaho badashobora na rimwe kubyibagirwa. (Toivo Seljavaara: Oliko vedenpaisumus ja Nooan arkki mahdollinen?, p. 5)
Abantu b'amoko atandukanye bafite amateka atandukanye yumurage kubyerekeye ibyago bikomeye byumwuzure. Abagereki bavuze inkuru ivuga ku Mwuzure, kandi ishingiye ku mico yitwa Deukalion; ndetse na kera cyane mbere ya Columbus, abavuka kumugabane wa Amerika bari bafite inkuru zagumije kubaho kwibuka umwuzure ukomeye. Umugani werekeye umwuzure wimuwe uko ibisekuruza byagiye bisimburana kugeza uyu munsi no muri Ositaraliya, Ubuhinde, Polynesia, Tibet, Kašmir na Lituwaniya. Byose ni imigani ninkuru gusa? Byose bigizwe? Birashoboka ko bose basobanura ibyago bikomeye. (Werner Keller: Raamattu kuri oikeassa, p. 29)
Indi mpamvu ni ibisigazwa by’inyamaswa n’ibimera byo mu misozi miremire, harimo umusozi wa Himalaya Everest n’indi misozi miremire. Hano hari amagambo yavuzwe mubitabo by'abahanga ubwabo kuriyi ngingo:
Igihe yagendaga kuri Beagle Darwin ubwe yasanze inyanja y’ibinyabuzima yaturutse hejuru cyane ku misozi ya Andean. Irerekana ko, icyahoze ari umusozi cyahoze munsi yamazi. (Jerry A. Coyne: Miksi evoluutio kuri totta [Impamvu ubwihindurize ari ukuri], p. 127)
Hariho impamvu yo kureba neza imiterere yumwimerere yigitare mumisozi. Biboneka neza muri Alpes, mu misozi miremire yo mu majyaruguru, bita zone ya Helvetian. Limestone nigikoresho nyamukuru cyibuye. Iyo turebye urutare hano ahantu hahanamye cyangwa hejuru yumusozi - niba dufite imbaraga zo kuzamuka hariya - amaherezo tuzasangamo ibisigazwa by’inyamaswa byavumbuwe, ibisigazwa by’inyamaswa, muri byo. Akenshi byangiritse cyane ariko birashoboka kubona ibice byamenyekanye. Ibyo bisigazwa byose ni ibishishwa by'indimu cyangwa skeleti y'ibiremwa byo mu nyanja. Muri byo harimo ammonite-izengurutswe na ammonite, na cyane cyane clam-ebyiri zuzuye. (…) Umusomyi ashobora kwibaza muri iki gihe icyo bivuze ko imisozi miremire ifata imyanda myinshi, ishobora no kuboneka mu nsi yinyanja. (urup. 236.237 "Muuttuva maa", Pentti Eskola)
Harutaka Sakai wo muri kaminuza y’Ubuyapani i Kyushu amaze imyaka myinshi akora ubushakashatsi kuri ibyo bisigazwa by’amazi yo mu misozi ya Himalaya. We hamwe nitsinda rye bashyize ahagaragara aquarium yose kuva mugihe cya Mesozoic. Indabyo zo mu nyanja zoroshye, abavandimwe b'inyanja zo muri iki gihe hamwe n'inyenyeri zo mu nyanja, ziboneka mu rukuta rw'amabuye hejuru ya kilometero zirenga eshatu hejuru y'inyanja. Abamoni, belemnite, korali na plankton usanga ari ibisigarira mu bitare by'imisozi (…) Ku butumburuke bwa kilometero ebyiri, abahanga mu bumenyi bwa geologiya babonye ibimenyetso byasizwe n'inyanja ubwayo. Ubuso bwacyo bumeze nkurutare ruhuye nuburyo buguma mu mucanga kuva kumuraba wamazi make. Ndetse no hejuru ya Everest, haboneka imirongo y'umuhondo ya hekeste, yavutse munsi y'amazi ava mu bisigazwa by'inyamaswa zitabarika zo mu nyanja. ("Maapallo ihmeiden planeetta", p. 55)
Ni uwuhe mwanzuro twavuga haruguru? Ntabwo bimaze kuvuga imyaka miriyoni, kuko ibisigazwa bya dinosaur ubwabyo ntabwo bihamya ikintu nkicyo. Uturemangingo tworoshye, radiocarubone, ADN na selile yamaraso muri byo byerekana neza mugihe gito gusa. Ahubwo, izo nyamaswa zapfiriye ahanini mu Mwuzure uvugwa muri Bibiliya, nubwo zabayeho nyuma yibi byabaye. Ibi bigaragazwa no kwerekana ibiyoka mu bantu benshi. Izindi ngero nyinshi zishobora kuzanwa kuriyi ngingo, ariko ndizera ko ingero zabanjirije iyi zerekana ko Bibiliya isobanura umwuzure ari amateka nyayo, ariko imyaka miriyoni ni ibitekerezo. Abahakanamana berekana inkomoko y'isi n'intangiriro y'ubuzima biri mubitekerezo bisa, kubera ko nta mibumbe yo mwijuru ishobora kuvuka yonyine, kandi ubuzima ntibushobora kuvuka bwonyine. Nta kimenyetso na kimwe kibigaragaza, ndetse n'abahanga benshi batemera ko Imana ibaho. Nanditse kuri ibyo bibazo mu ngingo zanjye nyinshi, kandi zirimo ibitekerezo byukuri byabashakashatsi batemera Imana. Nifuzaga ko abantu bose bareba neza ibyo bintu. Nanjye ubwanjye nahoze ndi umuhakanamana nizeraga ko abahakanamana barema n'imyaka miriyoni. Noneho ndabona ari imigani, ibinyoma n'imigani.
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Jesus is the way, the truth and the life
Grap to eternal life!
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Other Google Translate machine translations:
Amamiliyoni yimyaka / dinosaurs /
ubwihindurize bwabantu? |
