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Ukukhonza Izithixo e-Islam naseMecca
Funda ukuthi kunezinsalela eziningi zokukhonza izithombe zangaphambi kobuSulumane ku-Islam yesimanje. Iningi labo lixhumene nohambo lokuya eMecca
Ingabe ungumSulumane, oseluqedile uhambo lokuya eMecca noma ucabanga ukwenza kanjalo? Uma ungumuntu onjalo, lesi sihloko ngesakho. Lesi sihloko sikhuluma ngezigaba zokuqala ze-Islam, nokuthi zihlobana kanjani nokukhonza izithixo. Kuyinto amaSulumane amaningi aqotho angase ayiphike, ethi akukho ukukhonza izithombe e-Islam. Nokho, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iNsika Yesihlanu YamaSulumane, uhambo oluya eMecca, iqukethe izici eziningana ezihlobene nokukhonza izithombe. Imayelana nezici ezazivele ziyisici senkolo yasendulo yama-Arabs ngaphambi kwesikhathi se-Islam noMuhammad. Baye bazuza njengefa e-Islam yesimanje. Uma ungakukholelwa lokhu, kufanele ufunde imigqa elandelayo. Ingabe ngempela ukhonza uNkulunkulu oyedwa kuphela noma empeleni ungumsekeli nomlandeli wezithombe zasendulo lapho uthatha uhambo lokuya eMecca? Ukuxhumana nokukhonza izithombe okwedlule kanye nenkambiso yamanje yokuhambela indawo engcwele ihlanganisa, isibonelo, izinto ezivela ohlwini.
• Indawo yohambo olungcwele iMecca • Ukuhamba ethempelini izikhathi eziningi • Ukuqabula noma ukuthinta itshe elimnyama • Abakhulekeli bonkulunkulu babahedeni eMecca babezibiza ngokuthi amaHanif • Ukunikela ngezilwane • Ukuhamba ngezinyawo ukuya eNtabeni i-Arafat • Ukuvakashela amagquma aseSafa naseMarwa
Indawo okuhanjwa kuyo yiMecca . I-Mecca indawo yokuvakasha ivela emikhubeni yangaphambili. Leli siko alizalwanga nakancane ngoMuhammad, kodwa abakhonza izithombe nama-Arab nabo babenomkhuba wokuhambela edolobheni elifanayo eNhlonhlweni yase-Arabia. Babamba iqhaza emikhosini yehlelo ethempelini laseKaaba nasekukhonzeni izithixo ezingama-360 ethempelini. Okufanayo kulolu hambo lwamanje, phakathi kokunye, ukuthi into ababeyihambile yayifana, babebizwa ngama-hanif futhi nabo benza cishe izingxenye ezifanayo zohambo olungcwele njengoba zikhona namuhla. Imisebenzi yesimanje ehlobene neMecca ifana ngokusobala neyezikhathi zasendulo. Intuthuko efanayo esikhathini esidlule yaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yilapho uMuhammad, naye owayengumqaphi wendawo engcwele ngesikhathi kusenezithombe ezingu-360, enquma ukuvala leli dolobha kubo bonke ngaphandle kwabalandeli bokholo lwamaSulumane. Kwenzeka ngonyaka ka-630, kodwa namanje ngemva kwalokhu, u-Muhammad wagcina inkolo yakudala nemikhuba yokukhonza izithombe - imisebenzi eye yasinda kuze kube yilolu suku. I-Sahih Bukhari, iqoqo le-hadith, iqinisekisa ukuthi isiko lamaSulumane libhekisela kanjani ekukhonzeni izithombe ethempelini laseKaaba. Kwakukhona izithixo ezingama-360 ezazikhonzwa:
Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sikaMuhammad, ukukhonzwa kwezithixo kwezizwe zama-Arab kwakugxile endaweni engcwele emise okwekhiyubhu yeKaaba eseMecca. Isiko lamaSulumane uqobo liqinisekisa ukuthi onkulunkulu abangama-360 babekhonzwa eMecca: “U-Abdullah bin Masud wathi,’ Lapho uMprofethi efika eMecca, kwakunezithixo ezingama-360 ezizungeze iKaaba '” (Sahih Bukhari) (1)
Ukuhambahamba ethempelini laseKaaba. Ukuxhumana kokuqala nokukhonza izithombe okudala kwakuwuhambo oluya eMecca. Iphuzu lesibili lokufana lihamba lizungeze ithempeli laseKaaba. Lapho namuhla amaSulumane ezungeza iKaaba izikhathi eziyisikhombisa, lokhu nakho kwakuyingxenye yokukhonza izithombe zasendulo nokuhambela izindawo ezingcwele: nalapho abantu babezungeza ithempeli, balihlonipha futhi baqabula itshe elimnyama ohlangothini olulodwa lwayo. Lezi yizinto ezifana nohambo lwamanje lokuya eMecca. Ngakho-ke, nina eninenza lezi zenzo zokuhambela indawo engcwele, nilandela imikhuba yalabo ababekhonza izithixo, eseyedluliselwe e-Islam yanamuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izikhombo zomlando zichaza indlela abantu kwenye indawo abavakashela ngayo amanye amathempeli namatshe, njengeThempeli laseKaaba. Lokhu kuye kwabhekiselwa kukho, okungenani, izazi-mlando zamaGreki. Isiqephu esilandelayo sibonisa indlela isiko elifanayo elalivamile ngayo ekukhonzeni izithombe kwasendulo.
Abantu bamaKurashi bathatha unkulunkulu wabo uHubali owayemi onqenqemeni lomthombo ethempelini laseKaaba. Baphinde bakhonza u-Isaf noNa'ila eduze kweZamzam, indawo ababehlabela kuyo... Ama-Arabhu amukela, ngaphezu kwe-Kaaba, ama-taghuts noma amathempeli ayewahlonipha. Lawa kwakungamathempeli ababewahlonipha njengeKaaba futhi ayenabagcini beminyango nababheki babo. Ama-Arab abanika iminikelo njengoba enza eKaaba futhi ayizungeza njengoba enza ngaseKaaba. Baphinde bahlaba nezilwane eduze kwalezi zindawo. (2)
Eqabula itshe elimnyama. Ukuhlangana okukodwa phakathi kokukhonza izithombe kwangaphambili kanye nohambo lwamanje lokuya eMecca ukuqabula nokuthinta itshe elimnyama ethempelini laseKaaba. Nama-Arab ezikhathini zakudala ayeqabula leli tshe futhi alikhonze njengonkulunkulu kudala ngaphambi kwezinsuku zikaMuhammad. Itshe elimnyama laliyinto ehlonishwa kakhulu ethempelini lasendulo kanye nokugxila ekukhulekeleni konkulunkulu abaningi. AmaBedouin nawo ayeyikhulekela kanye namanye amatshe kudala ngaphambi kwesikhathi sobuSulumane noMuhammad. Ngakho-ke kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amaSulumane kulezi zinsuku aqabula itshe elalisetshenziswa ngaphambilini ekukhonzeni izithombe. Ungakwenza kanjani lokhu njenge Muslim uma itshe elimnyama kwakuyinto eyinhloko yokukhonza izithombe zasendulo? Kungani uqhubeka nesiko elidala lokukhonza izithombe?
Ngaphambi kobuSulumane, ama-Arabhu ayekhulekela onkulunkulu abaningi, futhi inkolo yawo cishe yayifana nenkolelo yezizwe zangaphambili zamaSemite. (…) Onkulunkulu ababaluleke kakhulu ababekhonzwa ngenkuthalo kwakungonkulunkulukazi u-Allat, u-al-Uzza, kanye noManat okungenzeka babethathwa njengamadodakazi ka-Allah, nakuba izwe lonkulunkulu bangaphambi kwe-Islam lalingazange lizihlele libe yiqembu elicacile. (…) Ngaphezu konkulunkulu abavame ukukhonzwa, isizwe ngasinye sibonakala sinonkulunkulu baso. Unkulunkulu waseMecca kungenzeka ukuthi wayengunkulunkulu (inyanga) owaziwa kancane uHubal okwathi ngokwesiko wayekhonzwa ethempelini laseKaaba ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwe-Islam. Ngaphandle konkulunkulu bangempela, kwakukhulekelwa amatshe angcwele, iziphethu nezihlahla. Ukukhulekela amatshe bekuyinto evamile kumaBedouin angaphambi kwe-Islamic, futhi imithombo yamaGreki ikusho lokhu. Amatshe kungenzeka ukuthi akhiwe ngokwemvelo noma achazwe cishe. AmaBedouin ayekhulekela amatshe aqinile namatshe ayehamba nawo. Itshe elimnyama laseKaaba nalo lalikhulekelwa esikhathini sangaphambi kobuSulumane. (3)
Ngakho-ke ithempeli laseKaaba kanye netshe lalo elimnyama liyingxenye ebalulekile yomkhuba wenkolo yamaSulumane. Kusobala futhi eqinisweni lokuthi amaSulumane athandaza ebheke eMecca. Ingabe lokhu kuhlobene nenkolelo yokuthi itshe elimnyama lingaba umlamuleli womthandazo? Uma lokhu kucatshangwa, noma uma isiqondiso somthandazo sibalulekile, kuholela ekubhekiseni eMecca netshe elimnyama njengezinto zokukhulekelwa kwezithombe. Noma akunjalo? Lokhu futhi kuhlukile emthandazweni ovamile wamaKristu, lapho singamane sitshele uNkulunkulu okusikhathazayo ( Fil 4: 6 : Ningakhathazeki ngalutho, kodwa kukho konke izicelo zenu mazaziwe nguNkulunkulu ngokukhuleka nokunxusa kanye nokubonga. Akusho lutho ukuthi umkhuleko uyaphi. Kungani-ke amaSulumane evuma ukwanga itshe elimnyama nezinye izenzo ezifana nokukhonza izithombe? Lokhu kunzima ukukuqonda. Lesi sicaphuni esilandelayo sitshela kabanzi ngesihloko. Isiko lamaSulumane uqobo lithi yonke imikhuba yamanje njengohambo oluya eMecca, Ramadan, ukuzungeza iKaaba, ukuqabula itshe elimnyama, ukugijima phakathi kweSaf neMarwa, ukukhanda uSathane ngamatshe nokuphuza emthonjeni waseZamzam kunemvelaphi yobuqaba:
Ngemva kokuzungeza iKaaba izikhathi eziyisikhombisa, abakhulekeli baphuthuma ezithombeni ezifanekisela uSathane ngaphandle kweMecca futhi bazikhanda ngamatshe. Kulo mkhuba wawuhlobene kakhulu nokugijima izikhathi eziyisikhombisa phakathi kwezintaba iSafa neMarw. Babeseduze nethempeli lamaSulumane elikhulu laseMecca. Ibanga phakathi kwezintaba lingamamitha angamakhulu amane. IKoran ifakazela ukuthi lo mkhuba wokugijima wawusebenza ngaphambi kwe-Islam. Lapho amaSulumane ebuza ngokumangala uMuhammad ukuthi kungani kwakufanele alandele lesi siko lobuqaba, wathola impendulo evela kuAllah:
Bheka! I-Safa kanye ne-Marwa iphakathi kwezimpawu zika-Allah. Ngakho-ke uma labo abavakashela iNdlu (iKaaba) ngeSikhathi noma ngezinye izikhathi, babazungeza, akusona isono kubo. (Qhathanisa nezEnzo 2:158.)
Ngakho inani elikhulu labantu labuthana eMecca ukuze likhulekele onkulunkulu ababebekwe ngaphakathi noma eduze kwesakhiwo esasimbozwe ngendwangu emnyama. Sonke isizwe noma umuntu ofika edolobheni wayevunyelwe ukukhetha unkulunkulu abamthanda kakhulu eKaaba. Lezi zinsuku zokuvakasha zazihlinzeka ngemali enhle esizweni samaKuraish, okwathi njengamalungu esizwe esikhulu kunazo zonke eMecca, sanakekela futhi sengamela indawo engcwele (…) Kube nokuqagela okuningi mayelana nokuthi kungani uMuhammad washiya lawo masiko obuqaba waya e-Islam. Esinye sezizathu kungaba ukuthi wabashiya ukuze baphile ukuze ajabulise isizwe samaKuraish, ngoba le mikhuba ayizange isongele ngokuqondile i-Islam noma imphike u-Allah. Ngenkathi abantu baseKuraish nabo bephendukela kumaSulumane ngemva kokunqotshwa kweMecca, bona, njengabanakekeli beKaaba, babethola imali enhle minyaka yonke kubahambi ababefika eMecca. Ulwazi lwemvelaphi yobuqaba yemikhuba yamanje ingaba yiqiniso elihlazo kulabo abafuna ukuphika ubufakazi obunikezwa umlando. (4)
Itshe elimnyama nokuxhumana nokukhulekela inyanga . Kuphawulwe ngenhla ukuthi ukwanga kwetshe elimnyama namanye amasiko amanje ohambo olungcwele lwamaSulumane kwavela ekukhonzeni izithombe kudala ngaphambi kukaMuhammad. UMuhammad wawamukela la masiko obuqaba njengengxenye yomkhuba wenkolo yamaSulumane. Ukuxhumana okukodwa kokudlule nakho kuwuphawu lwenyanga. Abantu baseMpumalanga Ephakathi babekhulekela inyanga, ilanga nezinkanyezi. Kuye kwatholakala isikela lenyanga ezinkulungwaneni zama-altare, ezitsheni zobumba, ezitsheni, iziphandla, amacici, nakwezinye izinto zobuciko. Kubhekiselwa ekwandeni kokukhonza kwenyanga. Abakhulekeli bezithombe eMecca nabo babekholelwa ukuthi itshe elimnyama lawiswa unkulunkulu wenyanga uHubal lisuka esibhakabhakeni (bheka izingcaphuno zangaphambili!). Nokho, kamuva lo mbono washintshwa nguMuhammad ngokwakhe, ngoba wayekholelwa ukuthi itshe lathunyelwa ingelosi uGabriyeli ivela ePharadesi nokuthi itshe ekuqaleni lalimhlophe kodwa lashintsha laba mnyama ngenxa yezono zabantu. Ingabe u-Muhammad wayeqinisile noma yi-meteorite evamile kuphela eyawela eMhlabeni? Akunakwenzeka ukufakazela lokhu manje. Isicaphuno esilandelayo siqhubeka ngesihloko esifanayo, okungukuthi ukukhulekelwa kwetshe elimnyama, nokuthi leli tshe kwakukholelwa ukuthi lavela enyangeni, nokuthi unkulunkulu wenyanga uHubal waliwisa esibhakabhakeni. Ophahleni lwezindlu zamaSulumane zanamuhla, isikela lenyanga lisasetshenziswa, elikhumbuza ukukhulekelwa kwezithombe kwangaphambilini; njengokuqabula itshe elimnyama nezinye izindlela zokuhambela izindawo ezingcwele.
Ngokungafani namaPheresiya - afundiswa yiZoroastrian - ayekhonza iLanga njengendawo yokuhlala yoMuntu oPhezukonke futhi axhuma okuhle nokukhanya nomlilo, nokubi nobumnyama, ama-Arabhu angalezo zinsuku ngokuvamile ayekhonza iNyanga. KumPheresiya owayehlala ezweni lezintaba eziphakeme, ukushisa okuvela eLangeni kungenzeka kwamukelekile kodwa kumArabhu wamathafa asogwadule, iLanga lalingumbulali futhi iNyanga yaletha amazolo nobumnyama ngemva kokushisa okubilayo nokukhanya okukhazimulayo. Ngokwenganekwane yabahedeni, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi uHobal, uNkulunkulu weNyangayezulu wawisa itshe elimnyama le- meteorite laseKaaba lisuka eZulwini. Yayibhekwa njengengcwele kudala ngaphambi kwe-Islam, futhi yayikhulekelwa abahambi nabahambi ababekholelwa ukuthi iNyanga nayo ingunkulunkulu. (5)
Esinye isisho esihlokweni esifanayo. Ibonisa ukuthi inkolo eyinhloko yabantu baseMpumalanga Ephakathi yayixhumene kanjani nokukhulekelwa kwenyanga, ilanga nezinkanyezi. Lapho inyanga ecwebile manje isisophahleni lwama-mosque amaningi, ibhekisela ekukhonzeni izithombe okwedlule:
I-Al-Hadis (Incwadi 4, Isahluko 42, No. 47) iqukethe isitatimende esimangalisayo sikaMuhammad: “U-Abu Razin al-Uqaili walandisa: “Ngabuza: O Messenger of Allah: Ngabe wonke umuntu ngoSuku Lokuvuka uyayibona iNkosi yabo obala ifomu? 'Yebo,' ephendula. Ngabuza: Siyini isibonakaliso salokhu endalweni Yakhe? Bathi: Oh Abu Razin. Akukhona yini ukuthi ngamunye wenu ubona inyanga ekukhanyeni kwenyanga engenalutho.” Leli vesi linikeza inkomba yokuthi inyanga yayiwuphawu lukaAllah. Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi:
• U-Allah wayeyisithixo sama-Arab amakhulu eminyaka. “UyiNkosi yenu neyoyihlo (Surah 44:8). UNkulunkulu wama-Arabhu kanye nokhokho bawo wayengeyena uNkulunkulu ka-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe, u-YHVH Yahweh, kodwa u-Allah. • Inyanga yayiwuphawu luka Allah. • U-Allah wayebizwa ngokuthi uNkulunkulu weNyanga.
(…) Izazi zezinkolo zaseNtshonalanga zivumelana neBhayibheli ukuthi inkolo eyinhloko yabantu baseMpumalanga Ephakathi yayihlotshaniswa nokukhulekelwa kwenyanga, ilanga, nezinkanyezi. Izinkulungwane zama-altare, izitsha zobumba, izitsha, iziphandla, amacici, nezinye izinto zobuciko ezatholwa izazi zasendulo zinesikela lenyanga. Ikhuluma ngokukhulekelwa kwenyanga okwandile. Imibhalo yezibhebhe zobumba ezitholakala emivubukulweni iqukethe izincazelo zezisulu ezanikezwa inyanga. Omunye angase abuze ukuthi kungani isikela lenyanga lisamile ophahleni lwezindlu zamaSulumane namuhla. Uphawu lukaNkulunkulu, lwabekwa ophahleni ngendlela efanayo naleyo amaKristu abeka ngayo isiphambano emasontweni awo njengophawu lwensindiso eyenziwa uKristu. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhulekelwa kwenyanga kwakuvamile kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga Ephakathi, ama-Arabhu ayengabakhulekeli benyanga. Indawo engcwele, iKaaba, nayo yakhelwe uNkulunkulu weNyanga. Yayinento ekhethekile yokukhulekelwa, itshe elimnyama elawa eNyangeni, uMuhammad aliqabula ngesikhathi kunqotshwa iMecca. (6)
Isambulo sikaMuhammad sonkulunkulukazi abathathu . Okungenhla kwaxoxwa ngakho mayelana nokukhonza izithombe eMecca kanye nohambo olungcwele lapho. Kwaphawulwa indlela ukuqabulana kwetshe elimnyama, ukuzulazula kweKaaba, nezinye izinhlobo zokukhonza izithombe ezazisenziwa eMecca okwakuvamile ngisho nangaphambi kwesikhathi sobuSulumane. UMuhammad wabemukela kanjalo ebuSulumaneni besimanje. Ngakho-ke, izindlela ezifanayo zokukhonza izithombe zisaqhutshwa. NjengomSulumane, kuhle ukuba uzibuze, ingabe uhlanganyela ohlotsheni olufanayo lokukhonza izithombe phakathi nohambo lokuya eMecca olwaluqhutshwa abakhulekeli bezithombe basendulo emakhulwini eminyaka adlule? Bese sidlulela kolunye udaba oluhlobene noMuhammad nokukhonza izithixo. Kumayelana nalokho okubizwa ngamavesi kaSathane, okungukuthi iKoran isiqephu 53:19,20. Sizokuhlola lokho ngokulandelayo. Ngokwesiko, la mavesi, achaza onkulunkulukazi abathathu ababekhulekelwa ama-Arabhu (u-Allat, u-al-Uzza, noManat), ekuqaleni ayehlanganisa nereferensi echaza laba nkulunkulukazi njengohlobo oluthile lwabalamuleli. Ngamanye amazwi, la mavesi Muhammad awathola akhuthaza abantu ukuba baphendukele konkulunkulu bamaqaba. Ngenxa yala mavesi, izakhamuzi zaseMecca zazikulungele ukuvuma ukuthi uMuhammad wayengumProfethi. Kukholakala ukuthi bebekule fomu elandelayo. Isiqephu esisusiwe simakwe ngokugqamile:
Uke wambona u-Allat no-al-Uzza noManat, owesithathu? " Laba yizidalwa eziphakeme futhi ukuncenga kwabo kungathenjwa."
Okuphawulekayo ngalokhu ukuthi akukona ukusungulwa kwabantu bangaphandle, kodwa kuye kwabhekiselwa kukho yimithombo yokuqala yamaSulumane. Le mithombo yokuqala kanye nababhali bayo abazange basiphike isimo sikaMuhammad njengomprofethi. Kuye kwabhekiselwa kukho amaSulumane athembekile njengo-Ibn Ishag, u-Ibn Sa'd, noTabari, kanye nomlobi wakamuva we-Qur'an ehlaziya uZamakhshari (1047-1143). Kunzima kakhulu ukukholwa ukuthi ngabe balikhuluma leli cala ukube abazange balithathe njengeliyiqiniso. Okufanayo kuchazwe esicaphuni esilandelayo, esibhekisela ekuhlaziyeni okwenziwe yi-imam ku-Qur'an. Kubonisa ukuthi lesi siqephu seQur'an sashintshwa kanjani ngoba uMuhammad washeshe wathola isambulo esisha esiphambene nalokho. Iphinde ikhombise iqiniso lokuthi iKur'an isekelwe ngokuphelele ezambulweni namazwi atholwe nguMuhammad. Okubalulekile,
U-Imam El- Syouty uchaza iSura 17:74 yeKoran encwadini yakhe ehlaziya kanje: “NgokukaMuhammad, iNdodana kaKaab , isihlobo sikaKarz , umprofethi uMuhammad wafunda iSura 53 waze wafika endimeni, eyayithi: 'Uke wababona u-Allat no-Al-Uzza (onkulunkulu bezizwe)... ' Kule ndima, udeveli ngokwakhe wenza uMuhammad ukuthi amaSulumane angakhonza labonkulunkulu bamahedeni futhi abacele ukuba bakhulume nabo. Futhi kanjalo namazwi kaMuhammad , ivesi lenezelwa kuyiKoran. UmProfethi uMuhammad wayedabuke kakhulu ngenxa yamazwi akhe, kwaze kwaba yilapho uNkulunkulu emkhuthaza ngelinye elisha, “Futhi njengakuqala, lapho sithumela isithunywa noma umprofethi, ingabe uSathane ubafake izifiso zakhe siqu, kodwa uNkulunkulu uyesula, yini USathane ubahlanganisele, bese-ke eqinisekisa uphawu lwakhe uqobo, uNkulunkulu uyazi, uhlakaniphile.” (Funda izEnzo 22:52.) Ngenxa yalokhu iSura 17:73-74 ithi: “Futhi ngempela babehlose ukukufulathela kulokho Esakuvezela kona, ukuze usiqambele okunye ngaphandle kwalokho, futhi-ke babeyokuthatha njengeqembu. mngane. Futhi ukube bekungesikho ukuthi bese sikumisile, ngabe useduze ukuba uthambekele kubo kancane; (7)
Lesi sicaphuni esilandelayo sikhuluma ngesihloko esifanayo, amavesi kaSathane. Kubonisa ukuthi le ndaba ayiyona into esungulwe abantu bangaphandle, kodwa iye yabhekiselwa kuyo yimithombo yokuqala yamaSulumane nokuthi uMuhammad wayethambekele kanjani ekwamukeleni ukukhonza izithombe. Ababhali abazange bakuphike ukubaluleka kukaMuhammad njengomprofethi:
Indaba yamavesi kaSathane ngokwemvelo ibe yisizathu esinamandla sokuphoxeka kumaSulumane amakhulu eminyaka. Ngempela, kusithunzi sonke sokusho kukaMuhammad ukuthi ungumprofethi. Uma uSathane wake wakwazi ukufaka amazwi emlonyeni kaMuhammad futhi wamenza wacabanga ukuthi yimiyalezo evela ku-Allah, pho-ke ubani ongasho ukuthi uSathane akazange amsebenzise uMuhammad njengomkhulumeli wakhe nangezinye izikhathi? … Kunzima ukuqonda, kanjani futhi kungani indaba enjalo yayingaqanjwa, futhi kanjani futhi kungani amaSulumane azinikele kangaka njengo-Ibn Ishag , Ibn Sa'd kanye noTabari, kanye nombhali wakamuva wesichasiselo seKoran, UZamakhsari (1047-1143) - okunzima ukukholelwa kuye ukuthi ngabe usho njalo ukube ubengayethembi imithombo - wacabanga ukuthi kuyiqiniso . Lapha, kanye nakwezinye izindawo, ubufakazi bemithombo yokuqala yamaSulumane buqinile ngokungenakuphikiswa. Nokho Izehlakalo zingachazwa ngenye indlela, labo, abafisa sengathi bangenza isibonelo samavesi kaSathane, abakwazi ukuphika ukuthi lezi zici zempilo kaMuhammed akuzona izinto eziqanjwe yizitha zakhe, kodwa ulwazi ngazo zivela kubantu. , owayekholelwa ngempela ukuthi uMuhammed ungumprofethi kaAllah. (8)
Singaphetha ngokuthini ngalokhu okungenhla? Siyabona ukuthi uMuhammad wayengumuntu onephutha. Wakhothama phambi kwabantu njengoba emukela amavesi akhuthaza ukukhonzwa kwezithixo ezintathu nokuthi zinganxuswa. Imithombo yokuqala ye-Islam ibhekisela ezenzweni zikaMuhammad, ngakho-ke akukona ukusungulwa kwabantu bangaphandle abanonya. UMuhammad naye wayeyimbangela yokuthi umkhuba wasendulo wokukhonza izithombe, owawuseMecca amakhulu eminyaka, wadluliselwa cishe ngendlela efanayo nenkolo yamaSulumane. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa izinto ezishiwo ngenhla, njengokuthatha uhambo oluya eMecca, abantu ukuzungeza ithempeli, ukuqabula noma ukuthinta itshe elimnyama, ukunikela ngezilwane, ukuya eNtabeni i-Arafat, nokuvakashela amagquma aseSafa naseMarwa. UMuhammad waqinisekisa yonke lemikhuba yasendulo yokukhonza izithombe.
References:
1. Martti Ahvenainen: Islam Raamatun valossa, p. 20 2. Ibn Hisham: Profeetta Muhammadin elämäkerta, p. 19 3. Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila: Johdatus Koraaniin, p. 28 4. Martti Ahvenainen: Islam Raamatun valossa, p. 23,24 5. Anthony Nutting: The Arabs, pp. 17,18 6. Martti Ahvenainen: Islam Raamatun valossa, pp. 244,2427. Ismaelin lapset, p. 14 8. Robert Spencer: Totuus Muhammadista (The Truth About Muhammad: Founder of the World’s Most Intolerant Religion) p. 92,93
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Jesus is the way, the truth and the life
Grap to eternal life!
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Other Google Translate machine translations:
Izigidi zeminyaka / ama-dinosaurs /
ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwabantu? |
